博莱霉素损伤后肺表面活性物质测定的实验研究  

Measurement of alveolar surfactant after bleomycin-induced pulmonary injuries

作　　者：崔光彬[1] 魏经国[1] 王耀程[1] 潘爱国[1] 邬秋珍[1] 黄梅[2] 张晓楠[3] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院放射科,西安710038 [2]第四军医大学唐都医院基础部电镜室,西安710038 [3]第四军医大学唐都医院基础部中心实验室,西安710038

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2002年第1期35-37,F002,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的　观察博莱霉素 (BLM)肺损伤早期肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞 (ATⅡ )的超微结构和肺表面活性物质 (PS)中磷脂 (PL)的组分和蛋白质含量的变化 ,探讨这一变化与ATⅡ活性的关系。方法　 2 8只大鼠气管内滴注BLM (4mg/ml,5mg/kg)建立肺损伤模型 ,按染BLM后处死的时间顺序分为 3、7、14、2 8d组 ,大鼠的肺组织块分别行组织化学染色电镜观察 ,测定支气管灌洗液 (BALF)中PL及其组分和蛋白质含量。结果　 (1)染BLM实验组大鼠肺均可见PS层丧失连续、均匀的绒状结构 ,脱落入肺泡腔 ,以 3d组较为明显。钌红阳性表面层的厚度与对照组比较 ,3d组大鼠肺较厚且染色深 ,7、14d组无明显差别 ,2 8d组较淡薄 ;BALF的PS中PL含量趋于增加 ,其中 3d组大鼠的磷脂酰甘油 (PG)含量升高 ,7、14、2 8d组降低 ;磷脂酰肌醇 (PI)含量变化则与此相反。 (2 )染BLM 3、7d组大鼠ATⅡ可见变性坏死 ,甚至崩解 ,以 3d组较明显 ;ATⅡ增生各组均可见 ,以 7d组较明显 ;14d组可见有ATⅡ转化为ATⅠ ,并伸展、粘附于裸露基底膜 ;3d组大鼠肺PS中蛋白质的含量最高 ,2 8d组含量接近对照组。结论　BLM肺损伤后PS的形态以及质与量的变化能较特异的反映ATⅡ活性。测定BALF中PL含量是判断肺损伤早期ATⅡ活性变化的简便易行的方法之一。Objective To observe the ultrastructures of rat alveolar type Ⅱ cells and change of composition of phospholipid(PL) and content of protein in pulmonary surfactant(PS),to investigate the relation between change in composition of PL and activity of alveolar type Ⅱ cells. Methods The rats lung injury models were made by intratracheally instilling bleomycin(BLM) (4 mg/ml,5 mg/kg).28 rats were divided into four groups:3-day group,7-day group,14-day group and 28-day group.Preparations of each group were stained histochemically and examined by electron microscope,content of PL in BALF,composition of PL and content of protein of each group were determined respectively. Results (1) Rats lungs in experimental groups were found that PS lost continuously,appeared homogenous and chorionic,dropped in the pulmonary alveolies.3-day group was more apparent.Ruthenium red attaching on pulmonary surfactant was thicker in 3-day group,and the colour deeper,no difference in 7-day group and 14-day group,thinner in 28-day group.Content of PL in PS of BALF was increasing.Content of phosphatidylglycerol(PG) increased in 3-day group,decreased in 7-day,14-day and 28-day group.The change of content of phosphatidylinositol(PI)was reversed.(2) Alveolar type Ⅱ cells degenerated,necrotized,even disintegrated in 3-day group and 7-day group.3-day group was more apparent.Proliferations of alveolar type Ⅱ cells were found in each group, 7-day group was more apparent.We found that type Ⅱ cells transformed to type Ⅰ cells in 14-day group,extended and attached on bare basement membrane.Content of protein in PS was the highest in 3-day group,almost equal to the content of the control group in 28-day group. Conclusion Morphologic change and alternation of quality and quantity of PS after bleomycin-induced pulmonary injures specifically reflect the activity of alveolar type Ⅱ cells.Measuring content of PL in BALF is one of simple and feasible method judging activity of alveolar type Ⅱ cells when lungs of the rats are injured early by b

关 键 词：表面活性物质 肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞 肺纤维化 磷脂 肺损伤 博莱霉素 动物模型 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]