高血压大鼠视网膜色素上皮细胞超微结构及其屏障功能观察  

Studies on the changes of ultrastructure and function of blood-retinal barrer of retinal pigment epithelium in spontaneously hypertensive rat

作　　者：黄焱[1] 陈瑞华[1] 陈文列[2] 吴翊钦[2] 陈少强[1] 陈莲云[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学解剖学教研室,福州350004 [2]福建医科大学电镜室,福州350004

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2002年第1期64-66,共3页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

摘　　要：目的　观察高血压大鼠视网膜色素上皮 (retinal pigment epithelium,RPE)细胞超微结构的改变及其屏障功能受损情况 ,探讨其与神经视网膜病变的关系。　方法　用胶体镧示踪结合透射电镜观察5、6、7个月龄自发性高血压大鼠 RPE细胞超微结构改变及脉络膜视网膜屏障渗透性的改变 ,并与同月龄正常京都种大鼠作对照。　结果　 1高血压大鼠 RPE细胞中线粒体肿胀 ,内质网扩张 ,基底部皱褶减少 ,微绒毛变稀疏。这些退行性改变随鼠龄增大与血压的增高而加重。 2 6、7个月龄大鼠脉络膜视网膜屏障破坏 ,脉络膜毛细血管中的胶体镧进入到 RPE细胞内褶及细胞间隙 ,且能通过紧密连接到达细胞顶部进入视网膜下间隙 ,而 5个月龄高血压大鼠及各种正常大鼠、胶体镧不能通过此屏障 ,仅到达 RPE细胞之间。　结论　高血压大鼠视网膜病变的早期 RPE细胞已有缺血、缺氧所致的退行性改变 。Objective To investigate the ultrastructural changes of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and explore the relation between these changes and hypertensive retinopathy. Methods The ultrastructure of RPE cells in the SHR aged five、six、seven months was observed with transmission electronmicroscope and compared to its normotensive control strain(WKY) with the same age.Then, lanthanum tracer procedures were carried out to investigate pathological changes of the blood retinal barrier. Results ①In SHR the main pathological changes involved swelling of mitochondria, enlargement of endoplasmic reticula,decrease of RPE cell infolding, and sparseness of microvilli. These degenerations were more serious in older rats with higher blood pressure.②The breakdown of outer blood retinal barrier with permeation of lanthanum tracers were evident in SHR aged six or seven month, however, in WKY and five month SHR the traces were preven ted from passing by tight junctions. Conclusion The degeneration of RPE owing to ischemia and anoxia arises in early period of hypertensive retinopathy. The pathological changes of ultrastructure and permeability might interact with the damage of visual cells and play a main role in the hypertensive retinopathy.

关 键 词：血视网膜屏障 高血压 并发症 视网膜色素上皮细胞 超微结构 动物实验 神经视网膜病变 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]