基于超大型英汉平行语料库的英语被动结构汉译考察与分析  

A Study on the Chinese Translations of English Passives:A Super-Sized English-Chinese Parallel Corpus-Based Approach

作　　者：王克非[1] 刘鼎甲[1] WANG Kefei;LIU Dingjia(National Research Center for Foreign Language Education,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《外国语》2018年第6期79-90,共12页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：2017年教育部人文社科青年项目"英汉双向平行树库的创建及翻译深层结构转换模式研究"(17YJC740052)

摘　　要："被动"表述是语言中的普遍现象,但英汉语言的被动表达在形式、结构、语义和语用上存在很大差异,给英汉翻译转换带来困难。本文基于超大型英汉平行语料库,考察科技文本中英语被动结构在汉语中的对译形式,尝试从形式、句法、语义和文体四个维度揭示被动结构由英语到汉语的翻译转换中呈现的特征。研究发现,英语被动结构在翻译转换为汉语时仅有10%译为被动结构,其它对译形式包括主动式、受事主语结构、动宾结构、名词化、处置式、兼语式和省略等形式,表现出英语被动结构汉译形式的灵活性和丰富性。Passive is a common grammatical category in both English and Chinese languages.However,there are noticeable distinctions in terms of forms,grammatical structures,semantic preferences and pragmatical uses for the representation of passives between English and Chinese.The above distinctions and the absence of equivalent forms give rise to difficulties in the translation of passives between two languages.Based on the Chinese translations of English passives in science-technology texts from a super-sized English-Chinese parallel corpus,this research attempts to reveal the characteristics as well as regularities of the transformation of passive constructions in English- Chinese Translations.

关 键 词：被动结构 英汉翻译 平行语料库 科技文体 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]