产业精准扶贫中的基层实践:策略选择与双重约束——基于A县的考察  

The Grass-Roots Practice of the Precise Poverty Alleviation of Industry:Strategic Options and Dual Constraints——Based on the Investigation of County A

作　　者：孙德超[1,2] 曹志立 Sun Dechao;Cao Zhili

机构地区：[1]吉林大学行政学院 [2]吉林大学国家治理协同创新中心

出　　处：《社会科学》2018年第12期3-13,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"打好防范化解重大风险;精准脱贫;污染防治攻坚战研究"(项目编号:18JZD031);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"基于区域类型差异的农村土地确权模式及实现路径研究"(项目编号:18YJA810003);吉林省省校共建计划专项资金2017年度哲学社会科学研究项目"政策共识视角下吉林省农地三权分置的实践研究";吉林大学哲学社会科学校级重点研究基地重大项目"基于央地关系视角的农村土地确权问题研究";中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金"运动式治理视角下精准扶贫制度的潜在风险及防范对策"

摘　　要：随着我国脱贫攻坚工作的逐步深入推进,产业精准扶贫已经成为精准扶贫工作的关键性手段。掌握作为扶贫主导力量的基层政府在产业精准扶贫实践中的策略选择倾向,对于进一步提升产业精准扶贫的效益至关重要。本文以国家级贫困县A县的调查为例,考察了产业精准扶贫中基层政府的策略选择及其形成机理。研究发现,基层政府的产业精准扶贫实践策略,主要包括经营模式的重组整合,扶贫项目类型以数量取胜;存量依赖式的产业选择,注重典型项目打造;简化取向的扶贫产业链培育,积极推动"短平快"项目发展;严格项目和资金的扶贫用途。基层政府推进产业精准扶贫的行为,受到项目制和科层制的双重结构形塑,也即多重目标捆绑下"项目制"的首尾管控和过程闭合以及科层组织的任务迎检和部门冲突。With the gradual deepening of the work of poverty alleviation in China,the precise poverty alleviation of industry has become the key means of precise poverty alleviation.It is of great importance for further improving the benefits of precise poverty alleviation to master the strategic choice tendency of the grass-roots government as the leading force of the precise poverty alleviation of industry.This paper takes the investigation of the national-level poor county A as an example,investigates the strategic selection and formation mechanism of the grass-roots government in the precise poverty alleviation of industry.The study finds that the practical strategies of precise poverty alleviation of industry from the grass-roots government include reorganization and integration of management models and the types of poverty alleviation project wining by quantity;industrial selection depending on stock and building typical projects;choosing simplified orientation for the cultivation of the poverty alleviation industry chain and promoting the development of the "short,adaptable and fast"projects actively;and using poverty alleviation projects and funds strictly.The actions of grass-roots governments’ promoting precise poverty alleviation of industry are shaped by the dual structure of the"project-based system"and the bureaucracy,that is,the head and tail control and process closure of the"project-based system"under the multiple targets binding,and the task inspection and sector conflict of the bureaucracy.

关 键 词：产业精准扶贫 基层政府 项目制 科层制 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济] F113.9