物质流视角下全球含铁商品隐含碳排放量跨境转移研究  

Global migration of embodied carbon emissions of iron-containing commodities from the perspective of material flow

作　　者：李丹 钟维琼[1] 代涛[1] 王高尚[1] 李强峰[1,3] 梁靓[1,2] 张继鹏 LI Dan;ZHONG Weiqiong;DAI Tao;WANG Gaoshang;LI Qiangfeng;LIANG Liang;ZHANG Jipeng(Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beifing 100037,China;China University of Geosciences (Belting),Beijing100083,China;School of Economics and Management,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Wuhan430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《资源科学》2018年第12期2360-2368,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(121201103000150015);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71633006));国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41701612)

摘　　要：对含铁商品国际贸易中隐含的碳排放进行准确计算,不仅可以更公平有效地划分碳排放责任,还可以在国家间分配排放配额时提供信息支持。首先分别对各国家集团钢铁制品的碳排放系数进行了核定,再结合IPCC提供的方法计算了2015年全球含铁商品国际贸易中隐含碳排放。计算结果显示:(1)从大洲层面看,由地理位置、运输成本等因素导致隐含碳排放在大洲内部转移量相对较多,约占总量的63.83%;亚洲、欧洲在产业链后端出口产品隐含碳排放流动较大,这与其"进口原料、出口产品"的产业模式有关;北美洲、非洲、大洋洲、南美洲通过含铁商品贸易向亚洲、欧洲净转移了碳排放责任;(2)从国家层面看,美国、越南、韩国等国家通过含铁商品贸易向中国、俄罗斯、日本等国家净转移了碳排放责任,其中,美国、越南、韩国等国家向中国转移了大量的碳排放责任,分别为3850万t、3390万t、2920万t。本文对全球含铁商品隐含碳排放量的测算,有助于更公平有效地划分国际间碳排放责任,为国家间分配碳排放配额提供技术支持。Accurating calculation of the carbon emissions implied in the global trade of iron-containing commodities not only allows more equitable and efficient allocation of carbon emissions responsibilities,but also provides information for allocating emission allowances in various regions.In this paper,the carbon emission factors of steel products of various countries were separately verified.The CO2 emissions implied in the international trade of iron-containing commodities in 2015 were calculated in combination with the methods provided in the "IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory 2006."The calculated results show that:①From the perspective of the continent,due to geographical location,transportation costs and other factors, the amount of hidden carbon emissions in the continent is relatively large,the flow between continents accounting for about 63.83% of the total flow;In Asia and Europe,the amount of implied carbon emissions from iron-containing commodities exported at the back end of the industrial chain is relatively large,which is related to the industry mode of "imported raw materials and export products.";North America,Africa,Oceania,and South America have transferred carbon emission responsibility to Asia and Europe through iron-containing commodity trade;②from the national level,United States,Mexico,Vietnam,etc.have transferred their carbon emission responsibilities to China,Russia,Japan,etc..Among them,the United States,Vietnam,South Korea and other countries have transferred a large number of carbon emission responsibilities to China,which are 38.5 million tons,33.9 million tons,and 29.2 million tons.In this paper,the calculation of the implied carbon emissions of iron-containing commodities in the world can more accurately and effectively divide the international carbon emission responsibility and provide technical support for the allocation of carbon emission quotas between countries.

关 键 词：国际贸易 含铁商品 全产业链 隐含碳排放 跨境转移 物质流 全球 

分 类 号：F416.3[经济管理—产业经济] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]