N2O产生机制的同位素方法研究进展  

Research Progress on the Mechanism of N2O Production Based on Stable Isotopic Methods

作　　者：梁越 肖化云[2] 刘小真 谢亚军 LIANG Yue;XIAO Huayun;LIU Xiaozhen;XIE Yajun(Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Science,Guiyang 550081,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330047,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学,江西省大气污染成因与控制重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [3]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南昌330047

出　　处：《地球与环境》2018年第6期606-612,共7页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41563001);国家重大研究与开发项目(2016YTA0601000);江西省科技厅重大项目(20161ACG70011);江西省青年科学基金项目(20171BAB214010);东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室培育基地自主基金项目(Z1610)

摘　　要：N2O是一种重要的温室气体,是由多种微生物的硝化与反硝化作用产生,但是它产生的生物地球化学机制还不十分清楚。本文结合N2O产生的微生物过程,阐述了国内外利用同位素标记法、N2O的δ15N和δ18O双同位素法、N2O的δ15Nα(14N15N16O)和δ15Nβ(15N14N16O)、SP值同位素异构体法以及多种同位素法相结合研究N2O的产生机制及微生物过程,比较了这些方法的优缺点,尤其重点阐述了近些年来兴起的N2O同位素异构体计算各过程贡献比例及其判别源与汇的理论及其应用。15N同位素富集因子法和SP值法也分别应用于产生N2O的微生物群落结构、数量和活性变化的研究,以从根本上达到控制N2O排放量的目的。同时指出同位素方法研究N2O产生机制的困难和不足。N2O is one of the important greenhouse gases,however,the biogeochemical mechanism of N2O production is still unclear. Focusing on the microorganism process of N2O production,we summarized research progresses of nitration and denitrification of the N2O production based on the δ 15 N and δ 18 O double stable isotopes,δ 15 N α ( 14 N 15 N 16 O)and δ 15 N β ( 15 N 14 N 16 O)and SP values,and multiple stable isotopes of N2O production,and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of above stable isotope techniques. Particularly,we described the related theories and reviewed current applications of stable isotopes and isotope isomers of N2O. The 15 N stable isotope enrichment factorization and the SP value methods were applied to decide structure,magnitude and activities of the N2O production microbial community. In the end,we discussed the difficulty and shortage of the mechanism study on the N2O production by using stable isotopes.

关 键 词：N2O 机制 同位素 进展 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]