离子液体在生物工程方面的研究进展  

Progress in Ionic Liquids of Biological Engineering

作　　者：洪伽金 刘勇 陈嘉亮 马科锋 Hong Jiajin;Liu Yong;Chen Jialiang;Ma Kefeng(School of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《化学通报》2018年第12期1072-1077,共6页Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21575066)资助

摘　　要：离子液体(ILs)具有不易挥发性、非易燃性、离子电导率高、物化性能稳定、电化学窗口宽、结构多样与可设计性等诸多优良特性,近年来已在电化学、生物、绿色化学等领域发挥着至关重要的作用。本文综述了ILs在生物检测方面的一些应用:作为理想的载体将目标基因或者药物运送到靶细胞中达到治疗的目的;探究ILs的毒性对生物体的影响从而达到杀灭癌细胞等特殊细胞或绿色降解的目的;利用其电催化活性好、灵敏度高等特性制成生物传感器用于电化学检测;将ILs作为核酸分离的载体,使得核酸的分离过程简化,效率提高。Ionic liquids (ILs)have many excellent properties such as non-volatility,nonflammability,high ionic conductivity,physicochemical stability,wide electrochemical window,structural diversity and designability.In recent years,they have played a vital role in electrochemistry,biology,green chemistry,etc.This article mainly reviews some applications of ILs in biology.Firstly,the target gene or drug is expected to be delivered by ILs as an ideal carrier to target cells for therapeutic purposes.Secondly,the toxicity effects of ILs on organisms have been explored on purpose for killing cancer cells and other special cells or green degradation.Thirdly,the good electrocatalytic activity and high sensitivity of ILs can lead to preparations of biosensors for electrochemical detections.Finally,ILs can be used as the carrier for separations of nucleic acids,simplifying the separation process and improving the efficiency.

关 键 词：离子液体 生物工程 生物分离 电化学 生物毒性 

分 类 号：O645.1[理学—物理化学]