论我国对高校开除学籍处分的司法审查强度  

On the Chinese Courts' Intensity of Judicial Review on the University Disciplinary Action "Expelling from School"

作　　者：黄硕 郝盼盼 Huang Shuo;Hao Panpan(Research Center of Law and the Governance Modernization,Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences,Guangzhou 510635;School of Education Management and Psychology,Beijing Institute of Education,Beijing 100120)

机构地区：[1]广东省社会科学院法律与治理现代化研究中心,中国人民大学比较行政法研究所,广州510635 [2]北京教育学院教育管理与心理学院,北京100120

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2018年第21期61-69,84,共10页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：高校开除学籍处分的法律性质是行政处分。随着依法行政原则扩展适用于内部行政领域,行政处分部分地纳入司法救济的范围;同时,基于对高校自主管理权的尊重,法院对行政处分的审查强度不应过强,法院审查强度的选择,是学生受教育权与高校自主管理权之间的利益衡量。根据高校的行为是基于学术权力的学术管理行为还是基于行政权力的行政管理行为,对其审查应当形成多层次的审查强度。开除学籍处分是高校基于行政权力而作出的具有纪律处分意义的行政管理行为,法院对此的审查强度不应限于程序正当性的最小审查强度,须视处分是针对学生违反学术纪律还是校园秩序,可以采取中等审查强度或严格审查强度。The legal nature of expelling from school, taken by the universities, is an administrative disciplinary action. As the principle of administration by law gradually apply to the area of internal administration, some of the administrative disciplinary actions have been included into the scope of judicial review. Meanwhile, on account of respect for the universities’ right of self-management,the intensity of the review to the administrative disciplinary actions should not be too strong. How to choose the appropriate intensity of the review by the judges, is a balance of interests between the students’ right to education and the universities’ right of self-management. According to the classification of the universities’ actions, which could be divided into academic management actions(based on the academic power) and administrative management actions(based on the administrative power), the judges should take multi-level intensity of the review when they examine the legality of the universities’ different actions. Expelling from school is an administrative management action with the nature of disciplinary sanction, which taken by the university based on its administrative power. Therefore, the judges should not be only limited to take the minimum intensity of the review, that is the review on the due process. They could take the medium intensity or even the strict intensity according to the circumstances that the administrative disciplinary action reviewed is aimed at maintaining the academic discipline or maintaining the campus order.

关 键 词：开除学籍 行政处分 审查强度 正当程序 不确定法律概念 比例原则 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学] D925.3[文化科学—教育学]