东北地区三代粘虫玉米田为害行为研究  

Damage to maize crops in Northeastern China caused by the third generation of the armyworm Mythimna separata(Walker)

作　　者：程志加 孙嵬[2] 高月波[1,2] 赫思聪 周佳春[2] CHENG Zhi-Jia;SUN Wei;GAO Yue-Bo;HE Si-Cong;ZHOU Jia-Chun(College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast,Ministry of Agriculture,Institute of Plant Protection,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling 136I00,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,公主岭136100

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2018年第5期849-856,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201403031).

摘　　要：【目的】研究东北地区2代粘虫Mythimna separata (Walker)成虫的产卵规律和3代粘虫幼虫的取食行为,揭示3代粘虫在东北地区玉米田的为害行为机制,为粘虫的预测预报及综合防控提供科学依据。【方法】采用罩笼法研究2代粘虫成虫的产卵节律及对不同寄主植物的产卵选择性;采用田间调查和叶碟法取食试验研究3代粘虫幼虫在田间的发生特点及其对不同寄主植物的取食选择性。【结果】(1)2代粘虫成虫在夜间20:00-23:00时间段产卵量最高,占总量88.36%,显著高于其它时间段(P<0.01)。(2)2代粘虫成虫只选择稗草进行产卵,并且在稗草上部干枯叶尖所产卵量最高,占总落卵量的81.98%,显著高于其他产卵位置(P<0.01),玉米上没有产卵。(3)2龄幼虫对稗草具有明显的取食选择性,显著高于玉米(P<0.05);3-6龄幼虫均对玉米叶片具有明显取食选择性,显著高于稗草(P<0.05)。(4)2龄幼虫对稗草和玉米之间的取食量差异不显著(P>0.05),3龄幼虫对稗草的取食量显著高于玉米(P<0.05),4-6龄幼虫对玉米的取食量显著高于稗草(P<0.05)。【结论】2代粘虫成虫的产卵习性和3代粘虫幼虫的取食选择性决定了东北地区3代粘虫在玉米田以高龄幼虫为害的特点。[Objectives] To investigate the causes of damage to maize crops in Northeastern China by the Mythimna separata. [Methods] The oviposition of 2 nd generation adults and the feeding behavior of the 3 rd generation larvae were studied using captive animals. Occurrence and host selection by larvae were investigated in the field using the leaf dish method. [Results] 1. The highest fecundity, 88.36% of all eggs laid, was observed from 20:00 to 23:00, significantly more than were laid in any other time period(P<0.01). 2. Adults only laid eggs on barnyard-grass with significantly more eggs(81.98%) being laid on the withered leaf apex of the upper most leaves than on other locations(P<0.01). No eggs were observed on maize. 3. The results of choice tests show that 2 ndinstar larvae significantly preferred barnyard-grass to maize(P<0.05) whereas 3 rd-6th instar larvae significantly preferred maize to barnyard-grass(P<0.05). 4. There was no significant difference in the amounts of barn-yard grass and maize consumed by 2 nd instar larvae(P>0.05). Significantly more barnyard-grass was consumed by 3 rdinstar larvae than maize, but the reverse wastrue of 4 th-6 th instar larvae(P<0.05). [Conclusion] Damage to maize crops by M. separatain Northeastern China is primarily due to the oviposition preferences of 2 nd generation adults, the host plant preferences of 3 rd generation larvae and feeding by older instar larvae.

关 键 词：粘虫 寄主植物 产卵习性 取食选择性 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]