精神分裂症患者自我污名的内隐测量  

Implicit measure of self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：朱婷 胡欣钰 汤泉[3] 李红政[4] 刘旭峰 武圣君 ZHU Ting;HU Xin-yu;TANG Quan;LI Hong-zheng;LIU Xu-feng;WU Sheng-jun(Faculty of Military Medical Psychology,The A irforce Military Medical University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710032,China;South Campus,Xi'an Gaoxin No.1Middle School,Xi'an.Shaanxi ,710032,China;Center for Psychological Crisis Intervention,The 261th~Hospital of PLA ,Beijing,100094,China;Center for Mental Health,The 303th Hospital of PLA ,Nanning Guangxi,530000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学军事医学心理系,陕西西安710032 [2]西安市高新一中南校区,陕西西安710032 [3]解放军第261医院心理危机干预中心,北京100094 [4]解放军第303医院心理卫生中心,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第24期3385-3388,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81401134);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2009FY110100)

摘　　要：目的通过内隐联想测验(IAT)来了解精神分裂症患者的内隐自我污名状况。方法选取2017年12月—2018年3月解放军第261医院心理卫生住院部的稳定期精神分裂症患者62例,身心健康正常人66例。通过3个独立IAT(刻板印象、自我图式、自我身份认同)来测量患者组与对照组的内隐自我污名。结果患者组与对照组的性别、年龄、受教育程度及婚姻状况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。刻板印象IAT中,患者组被试内隐效应得分为0.81±0.33;自我图式IAT中,患者组被试内隐效应得分为-0.38±0.24;自我身份认同IAT中,患者组被试内隐效应得分为-0.21±0.28。患者组与对照组对精神疾病刻板印象的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者组对自己的积极评价比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者组对自己身心健康的身份认同比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论精神分裂症患者有负性刻板印象,没有消极的自我图式及精神疾病的身份认同,即患者没有内隐自我污名。精神分裂症患者的消极的自我图式、精神疾病的自我身份认同比对照组高。[Objective]To understand the status of implicit self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia by implicit association test (IAT). [Methods]A total of 62 patients with schizophrenia in stable stage in mental health inpatient department of the 261th hospital of PLA from December 2017 to March 2018 and 66 health people were selected. The implicit self-stigma in patient group and control group were measured by 3 independent IAT (stereotype,self schema and self identify ). [Results]There were no significant differences in gender ,age,educational level and marital status between the two groups (P>0.05). On the IAT of stereotype,the score of implicit effect in patient group was 0.81±0.33. On the IAT of self schema,the score of implicit effect in patient group was -0.38±0.24. On the IAT of self identify,the score of implicit effect in patient group was -0.21±0.28. There was no significant difference in stereotypes of mental illness between the two groups (P>0.05). However,the patient group showed lower positive self-evaluation than did the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The patient group showed lower self identify of physical and mental health than did the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). [Conclusion]Patients with schizophrenia have negative stereotypes,but do not have negative self-schema and self identify of mental illness. In other words,they do not have implicit self-stigma. Patients with schizophrenia showed higher negative self schema and self identify of mental illness than control group.

关 键 词：自我污名 精神分裂症 内隐联想测验 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]