北京市城区高中生艾滋病知识态度及性行为趋势分析  

Change trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior among high school students in urban Beijing: 2005 – 2014

作　　者：雷园婷 吕若然[2] 段佳丽[2] 董彬[1] 胡佩瑾[1] 宋逸[1] LEI Yuan-ting;Lü Ruo-ran;DUAN Jia-li(Institute of Adolescent Health, School of Public Healthy, Perking University, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2018年第12期1581-1586,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81302442)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市城区高中生艾滋病知识态度及性行为流行趋势,寻找未来可能的干预重点。方法使用2005、2008、2014年北京市青少年健康危险行为调查中城区高中生的数据,分性别、学校类型和年级进行流行趋势描述,采用χ~2检验或logistic单因素回归进行显著性检验。结果北京市城区高中生接受过艾滋病教育的报告率呈逐年上升趋势,男生2005、2008、2014年报告率分别为45.0%、66.2%和73.8%,女生分别为49.7%、70.1%和77.4%;但知识水平、正向态度报告率均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。在2005、2008、2014年,职业技术学校学生和高一年级学生正确回答艾滋病病原体报告率均最低,分别为65.7%、66.5%、42.7%和71.5%、82.4%、54.6%。职业技术学校学生性行为和被迫性行为报告率在各调查年均最高,分别为10.8%、15.5%、11.2%和3.0%、3.2%、4.4%;2014年,重点高中、普通高中、高一、高二学生对来自家长方面的性教育需求上升至需求途径的前三位。结论在开展艾滋病教育时,应该注意健康教育的教育效果,针对不同群体学生的特征和需求设计相应的干预方式。Objective To describe change trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior among high school students in urban Beijing and to explore main intervention measures in future.Methods The data on a total of 17 624 urban senior high school and vocational and technical students were extracted from the dataset of three waves of Beijing Youth Health Hazard Behavior Survey conducted in 2005, 2008 and 2014. The trends in AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and sexual behavior were described and compared by gender, school type and grade. Chi-square and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results The proportion of participants receiving AIDS-related health education increased during the period, with the ratios of 45.0%, 66.2%, and 73.8% for the boy students and 49.7%, 70.1%, and 77.4% for the girl students in 2005, 2008, and 2014, respectively. However, the knowledge level and the prevalence rate of positive attitude showed a decreasing trend after their initial increase. Lower ratios for correctly answering the question about the pathogen of AIDS were observed among vocational and technical school students(65.7%, 66.5%, and 42.7%)and senior high students of grade one(71.5%, 82.4%, and 54.6%)in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The vocational and technical school students reported the highest rates of sexual behavior(10.8%, 15.5%, and 11.2%)and forced sexual behavior(3.0%, 3.2%, and 4.4%)in the surveys conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2014. The sexual education from parents became one of the top three sources of AIDS-related knowledge among all the senior high school students of grade one and two in the survey conducted in 2014.Conclusion AIDS-related health education programs should be developed according to characteristics and requirements of different groups among high school students for efficient intervention.

关 键 词：艾滋病 知识 态度 性行为 趋势 高中生 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]