Trace fossils of an amalgamated storm-bed succession from the Jurassic of the Kachchh Basin,India:The significance of time-averaging in ichnology  

作　　者：Franz To Fürsich Alfred Uchman Matthias Alberti Dhirendra K.Pandey 

机构地区：[1]GeoZentrum Nordbayern,Fachgruppe PalaoUmwelt,Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Numberg, Loewenichstra■e 28,91054 Erlangen,Germany [2]Institute of Geological Sciences,Jagiellonian University,Gronostajowa 3a,30-387Krakow,Poland [3]Institut fur Geowissenschaften,Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel,Ludewig-Meyn-Stral3e 10,24118Kiel, Germany [4]Earth and Planetary Sciences GrouplPalaeontology,Manipal Center for Natural Sciences,Manipal University, Manipal 576104,Karnataka,India

出　　处：《Journal of Palaeogeography》2018年第1期14-31,共18页古地理学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Jagiellonian University(DS funds);financial assistance for the fieldwork by DST(project EMR/ 2015/001574);financial support by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

摘　　要：The uppermost part of the Upper Bathonian Sponge Limestone member, Patcham Formation, of the Jhura Dome of Kachchh Mainland is a thickening-and shallowing-upward succession topped by medium-to thick-bedded hummocky cross-stratified grainstones deposited by storm waves. Occasionally, thin, commonly lenticular, intraclastic-bioclastic silty marl intercalations between the grainstones are highly bioturbated, in contrast to the grainstones, in which, for the most part, trace fossils occur scattered. Large exposures of bedding planes of the grainstones allow the detailed investigation of ichnological features, whereas the high density of traces in the soft marls precludes the identification of any ichnotaxa. Eighteen ichnotaxa have been recorded including Ophiomorpha, Thalassinoides, Taenidium, Gyrophyllites, Chondrites, Dactyloidites, Teichichnus, Bolonia, and Ancorichnus. Except for Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides, which generally indicate moderate to high energy conditions and are the dwelling burrows of suspension-feeding to omnivorous crustaceans, the ichnotaxa represent a deposit-feeding behaviour of their producers and thus are characteristic of low-energy environments. The trace fossils form three ichnoassemblages characterized by(1) Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides suevicus,(2)?Thalassinoides isp. A, Taenidium, and Bolonia lata,and(3) Ancorichnus. The dominance of traces of deposit-feeders in rocks indicative of high-energy events is counterintuitive and points to their non-contemporaneity. The sediments were deposited during brief highenergy events, whereas the trace fossils were produced when, after waning of storms low-energy conditions prevailed. This time-averaging is particularly pronounced in trace fossils that extend vertically downwards and may reach strata deposited under distinctly different conditions. Thus, environmental interpretations based on trace fossils should refer to colonisation surfaces rather than to the sediment surrounding the trace fossils. In the latter case, interpretat

关 键 词：Trace fossils Middle Jurassic Kachchh Basin Taxonomy Time averaging ICHNOLOGY 

分 类 号：P[天文地球]