联合地基激光雷达与无人机摄影测量技术提取树高研究  

Integration between TLS and UAV Photogrammetry Techniques for Retrieving Tree Height

作　　者：张吴明 李丹 陈一铭 邵杰 沈奥杰 阎广建 ZHANG Wuming;LI Dan;CHEN Yiming;SHAO Jie;SHEN Aojie;YAN Guangjian(State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Institute of Remote Sensing Science and Engineering,Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京师范大学地理科学学部遥感科学与工程研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期764-771,共8页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB0501404);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41331171,41671414,41171265);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(937计划)(2013CB733402).

摘　　要：快速有效获取森林结构参数是林业急需解决的现实问题.近年来,地基激光雷达和无人机在林业调查中受到越来越多的重视.地基激光雷达能够获取森林样地详细的三维点云数据,却难以获取树冠上方信息,而无人机能够方便灵活地获得森林冠层上方的影像,但难以获取冠层下方信息.地基与航空平台有很强的互补性,深度整合后能够对森林场景进行更加完整的描述.本文首先对多站TLS进行基于后视定向的多站配准,得到完整的点云数据;随后,结合基于内在几何约束的方法与地面控制点,完成地基激光雷达数据与无人机影像的配准,从而实现2种数据的融合;最后,通过实验验证表明融合无人机影像数据能够显著提高地基激光雷达对树高的估测精度,并且二者的结合可以提高测量效率,为林业资源的调查和管理提供更有效的方式.The need to acquire forest parameters efficiently could potentially be alleviated by the application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS)and Un-manned aerial vehicle(UAV).TLS acquires thorough 3 Dpoint clouds,but less information on canopy.In contrast,UAV could flexibly acquire images on top of tree canopy,but less information about the trunk of trees.Therefore terrestrial and aerial platforms could compensate each other.Scenes can be completely presented by integrating optical images and LiDAR point clouds.An effective method was used here to integrate TLS point clouds and UAV images.Fusion of multi-station scanning TLS data was applied by coarse-to-fine registration.The exterior orientation elements of UAV images were obtained with inherent geometrical constrain.Exterior orientation elements and ground control points were used to convert UAV images into dense point clouds by structure-from-motion(SfM)algorithm.Registration of UAV images and TLS point clouds were then finished.Tree height extracted from fusion data and TLS point clouds were compared.After integration with SfM point clouds,RMSE of TLS estimated tree height was reduced to0.253 m、0.212 m、0.189 m、0.202 m、0.236 mrespectively.SfM point clouds could therefore significantly improve estimate precision of tree height.This highlights the advantage of data integration between TLS and UAV photogrammetry techniques in retrieving tree height.UAV images could not only improve tree height precision but also increase measurement efficiency in large range measurements,providing a new approach for forest measurement.

关 键 词：地基激光雷达 无人机摄影测量 配准 树高 林业测量 

分 类 号：S1758.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]