压力是动力还是阻力:创业努力和创业者自我效能的影响  

Are Stressors Motivation or Resistance: The Impact of Entrepreneurial Effort and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

作　　者：李纪珍[1] 李论[1] LI Jizhen;LI Lun(School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2018年第11期101-112,共12页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71772103);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(17JJD630003);清华大学新型城镇化研究院开放基金课题(TUCSU-K-17024-01)

摘　　要：基于动机和情绪视角,运用体验抽样法(ESM)对创业者开展为期一个月的动态追踪,探究了创业者的挑战性和阻碍性压力对创业努力、创业学习的不同影响以及创业者自我效能的调节作用。结果发现挑战性压力是动力,而阻碍性压力对创业努力的负向作用不显著;创业努力在挑战性压力与创业学习之间发挥部分中介作用。同时,还指出创业者自我效能具有双重调节作用,即自我效能既会显著减弱挑战性压力与创业努力之间的正向关系,同时也会减弱阻碍性压力与创业努力之间的负向关系。Based on motivation and emotion perspective, built upon a one-month survey conducted on entrepreneurs using experience sampling method(ESM), this paper explores the impact of challenge and hindrance stressors on entrepreneurial effort and entrepreneurial learning, in addition, the moderating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This study finds that challenge stressors are motivation; entrepreneurial effort plays a partial mediating role between challenge stressors and entrepreneurial learning, and however hindrance stressors’ negative effect on entrepreneurial effort is not significant. The double moderating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy is also pointed out, that is, self-efficacy significantly suppresses the positive relationship between challenge stressors and entrepreneurial effort, and in addition, it mitigates the negative relationship between hindrance stressors and entrepreneurial effort.

关 键 词：挑战性压力 阻碍性压力 创业努力 创业学习 创业者自我效能 体验抽样法 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]