红花草莓与栽培品种杂交后代花及果实性状调查  

Flower and Fruit Characteristics of Offspring From the Cross of Red-Flowered and Cultivars in Strawberry

作　　者：王冲[1] 李迎薪 李向辉 岳静宇 李文清 雷家军[2] WANG Chong;LI Yingxin;LI Xianghui;YUE Jingyu;LI Wenqing;LEI Jiajun(College of Landscape,Liaoning Forestry Vocation-Technical College,Shenyang,Liaoning 110101;College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Linxi,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 025250)

机构地区：[1]辽宁林业职业技术学院园林学院,辽宁沈阳110101 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]内蒙古赤峰市林西县农牧业局,内蒙古赤峰025250

出　　处：《北方园艺》2019年第1期55-61,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201003064)

摘　　要：以2个红花草莓品种"粉佳人"和"俏佳人"与1个白花栽培品种"哈尼"进行正反交,调查了杂交结实、播种出苗及杂交后代实生苗的花色、果实品质等性状,旨在培育出观赏兼食用的红花草莓新优系,同时也为红花草莓杂交育种提供参考依据。结果表明:"哈尼"作母本时,"哈尼×粉佳人"与"哈尼×俏佳人"2个杂交组合的结实率分别为73.21%和70.21%,作父本时分别为20.13%和32.96%。4个组合杂交后代中,红花与白花植株数比例约为1∶2.3;红花颜色深浅程度不同,颜色主要分布在白色、浅粉色、粉色、深粉色、红色这5个色系,有的出现花瓣基部深和白色花斑的现象。"哈尼×粉佳人"杂交后代最大单果质量变异范围在10.4～27.4g,没有超亲株系;"粉佳人×哈尼"杂交后代平均单果质量可达15.2g,最大果质量59.4g,可为以后的大果培育做中间材料。"哈尼"与"粉佳人"正反交后代的平均单果质量、单株产量、硬度等方面并未表现出明显的超高亲现象,但出现2个维生素C含量较高红花草莓单株,分别为116.2mg·(100g)-1和104.9mg·(100g)-1,超亲现象明显,显著优于亲本。The reciprocal crosses were carried on between two red-flowered strawberry cultivar'Pink Beauty'and 'Pretty Beauty'and a white-flowered cultivars 'Honeoye'.The flower and fruit characteristics of offspring were investigated in order to obtain new ornamental and eatable strawberry species,and provide fundamental basis for red-flowered strawberry cross breeding.The results showed that fruit-setting rates of the two hybrid combinations,'Honeoye× Pink Beauty'and 'Honeoye×Pretty Beauty'were 73.21%and 70.21%respectively,while were 20.13% and 32.96% respectively in their reciprocal crosses.The proportion of red-flowered seedlings and white-flowered seedlings in the offspring was 1∶2.3.The flower color appeared white,light pink,pink,deep pink and red in the offspring,some petals basally deep and white spots phenomenon.In the offspring of'Honeoye×Pink Beauty',the range of the maximum fruit weight was from 10.4g to 27.4g,no super parent strain.In the offspring of'Pink Beauty× Honeoye',the range of the average single fruit weight was 15.2g,the maximum fruit weight was 59.4g,wihich could be used in fruit cultivation as intermediate materials.In the offspring of reciprocal crosses of 'Honeoye'and 'Pink Beauty'had no super high-parent phenomenon in average single fruit weight,yield per individual,hardness and so on;but two individuals with high vitamin C content of 116.2 mg·(100g)^-1 and 104.9mg·(100)g^-1 respectively was obtained,the characteristics was significantly better than that of both parents.

关 键 词：红花草莓 杂交后代 花色 果实品质 

分 类 号：S668.403.6[农业科学—果树学]