态度系统的范畴化问题及其拓扑应对  

About Categorization in Attitudinal System and the Topological Solutions

作　　者：田华静[1] 王振华[1] Tian Huajing;Wang Zhenhua

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《当代修辞学》2019年第1期65-75,共11页Contemporary Rhetoric

摘　　要：评价语义框架下的态度系统是在意义范畴化基础上建构的。但是,在态度意义的范畴化过程中,有两个问题亟待解决:一是纵向层面上,态度系统里各范畴之间的分类依据和界限不够明晰;二是横向层面上,特定语境下的态度次级范畴在精密度层级上该如何在整体简洁性与精密度复杂性上保持平衡。本研究从拓扑视角出发,基于意义的不确定性和范畴化的动态性,尝试探讨态度系统的范畴化问题产生的根源及其应对策略。研究发现,从范畴的动态演化来看,态度系统中精密度低的范畴作为次生范畴,其范畴化依赖于原生范畴(即认识对象)的范畴化;精密度高的态度范畴,其分类更多地依赖于语境,因此在应用态度系统进行语篇分析时,需要将演绎法和归纳法结合起来。从范畴的动态生成过程来看,态度系统中情感、裁决和鉴赏三个范畴之间的边界模糊性源自于态度范畴拓扑同化和异化动态过程中的临界点,采用双重标注法可以解决这种边界模糊性问题。The attitudinal system in the appraisal framework is constructed on the basis of meaning categorization. During the process of meaning categorization,however,there are two problems to be solved.Vertically,the classification criteria and the boundaries among the sub-systems are not precise enough.Horizontally,the sub-categories of attitude in specific context need to keep the balance between the holistic simplicity and the delicacy complexity. From the complementary topological perspective and based on the meaning indeterminacy and dynamic nature of categorization,this paper expounds the origin and responding strategies concerning the categorization problems in attitudinal system. It is found that,from the perspective of the dynamic evolution of category,the categorization of the attitude categories with low delicacy as the secondary category depends on the categorization of the evaluative objects as the primary category. The categorization of the attitude categories with high delicacy relies greatly on the context. Therefore,both the deductive and inductive methods should be employed when applying the attitudinal system in discourse analysis. From the perspective of dynamic forming process of category,the blurring borderlines among Affect,Judgment and Appreciation derive from the dividing point in the topological assimilation and dissimilation processes of the attitude categories. Therefore,it is suggested to apply double annotation in discourse analysis.

关 键 词：态度系统 范畴化 拓扑同化/异化 精密度 

分 类 号：H05[语言文字—语言学]