黑穗醋栗果实生长发育过程中抗坏血酸含量及相关酶活性的变化  

The Changes in the Contents of Ascorbic Acid and the Activities of Related Enzymes in Black Currant Fruits During the Process of Its Growth and Development

作　　者：孙小娟 刘庆帅 员盎然 张妍 霍俊伟 秦栋 姜婷 SUN XiaoJuan;LIU QingShuai;YUN AngRan;ZHANG Yan;HU0 JunWei;QIN Dong;JIANG Ting(School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Northeast Agricultural University/Small Fruit Development and Utilization of National Local Joint Engineering Research Center in Cold Region,Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺园林学院/寒地小浆果开发利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2019年第1期98-110,共13页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31201584);黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目(C2017015);黑龙江省博士后启动基金(LBH-Q17029);东北农业大学"青年才俊"(16QC07)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同品种不同生长时期黑穗醋栗果实内抗坏血酸(AsA)含量及其合成代谢过程中相关酶活性的变化,以明确果实生长发育过程中AsA含量与代谢合成相关酶之间的关系,为全面揭示黑穗醋栗果实AsA积累规律提供理论依据。【方法】以3个不同黑穗醋栗品种(‘亚德’‘布劳德’和‘黑丰’)为试材,测定果实在幼果期、膨大期、半转色期、转色期和成熟期时还原型抗坏血酸(AsA)、氧化型抗坏血酸(DHA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量以及AsA合成与代谢相关酶活性。【结果】不同品种黑穗醋栗果实大小、AsA含量以及AsA相关代谢物水平存在明显的多样性。其中‘亚德’单果重最大,为1.97 g。果实生长发育过程中,总抗坏血酸(T-AsA)和AsA含量在3个品种中变化趋势一致,均在幼果期含量最高,其中‘亚德’幼果期果实中AsA含量最高,为83.17μmol·g^(-1) FW,随着果实的生长迅速下降,在成熟期降至21.28μmol·g^(-1) FW;3个品种果实中GSH和T-GSH含量随着果实发育呈升高趋势,但不同品种升高时期或增加幅度不同;GSSG含量在不同品种间存在较大差异,成熟果中‘黑丰’含量最低,为0.008μmol·g^(-1) FW,仅为‘亚德’的10.2%。AsA-GSH循环再生代谢中,脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)和单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)活性在果实膨大期达到最高,成熟期降至最低,其中‘布劳德’果实中DHAR和MDHAR活性略高于‘亚德’和‘黑丰’;谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性在幼果期最高,‘亚德’幼果期果实中GR活性最高(0.06μmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1) FW),之后随着果实的生长发育不断下降,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性变化与之相似;L-半乳糖途径的关键酶L-半乳糖^(-1),4-内酯脱氢酶(GalLDH)活性随着果实生长发育的变化趋势与AsA含量变化相一致,且‘亚德’果实中GalLDH活性在幼果期和成熟期均高于其他两个品种。通过�【Objective】 The changes in the ascorbic acid(AsA) contents and the enzymatic activities during the anabolic process of different cultivars and growth stages of black currant fruits were studied to determine the relationship between AsA contents and anabolic enzymes during the growth and development of fruits, so as to provide a theoretical basis for comprehensively revealing the accumulation rule of AsA in black currant fruits. 【Method】 Three different cultivars of black currant fruits(Adelinia, Brodtrop and Heifeng) were studied and determined the contents of reduced AsA, oxidized ascorbic acid(DHA), reduced glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG) and anabolic enzymatic activities of young, expansion, half-veraison, veraison and maturity stages. 【Result】 There were significant diversities in fruit sizes, AsA contents and AsA metabolites of different cultivars of black currant fruits. The Adelinia had the largest weight of single fruit(1.97 g). During the growth and development process of fruits, the changes in the total ascorbic acid(T-AsA) and AsA contents of fruits were consistent among the three cultivars, and the young fruits had the highest contents. The AsA content of young Adelinia fruit was the highest(83.17 μmol·g^-1FW) and then sharply decreased rapidly to the maturity stage with the growth of the fruit, which decreased to 21.28 μmol·g^-1FW at maturity stage. The contents of GSH and T-GSH in the three cultivars increased with the development of fruits, but the different cultivars increased in different stages and degrees. The content of GSSG was quite different among different cultivars. For the mature fruits, the GSSG content of Heifeng was the lowest, which was 0.008 μmol·g^-1FW and only accounted for 10.2% of Adelinia. In AsA-GSH recycling regeneration metabolism, the activities of dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase(MDHAR) showed the highest level at expansion period, and finally decreased to the lowest level at maturity stage. The DHAR and

关 键 词：黑穗醋栗 果实 抗坏血酸 合成 L-半乳糖-1 4-内酯脱氢酶 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]