示能性理论视角下的中动结构研究  

Exploring Middle Constructions from the Perspective of the Affordance Theory

作　　者：吴炳章[1] WU Bingzhang(Ocean University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2019年第1期37-47,共11页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：山东省社科项目"无标记被动结构的跨学科研究"(17CYYJ13);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201762022)的阶段成果

摘　　要：关于中动结构的语义内容,有关研究认为是主语具有某种内在属性,使谓语行为的发生更为便捷。另外,该结构表达模态意义成分。但这些观点不无局限性。基于示能性理论,本研究发现,中动结构的语义内容是在行为环境中,主语事物具有顺应或者支持自主性主体实施谓语行为的属性。这种属性分布于事物和动作的行为关系中,由主语事物呈现出来,是一种"让"谓语行为发生的性质。在概念层面,这种"让"的性质是主语事物能顺应特定力(动词)的影响、并产生变化的潜质。本文认为,中动结构表达的是主语指称的事物具有支持动词行为的示能性。It is generally held that semantically, the subject of middle constructions possesses some innate property that facilitates the act of the predicate. Additionally, such constructions contain some modal component. However, these conclusions seem not to be irrefutable. This paper, from the perspective of the affordance theory, reveals a divergence in the semantic content of middle constructions when considered in a behavioral environment. In such instance, the subject is endowed with some property that enables it to accommodate or support the act designated by the verb to happen. In other words, it"lets"the act happen in a behavioral environment. Such property,embodied by the subject, resides in the coupling of the act and the environment where the act is executed by a volitional agent. On the conceptual level, this"letting"property is the potential of the entity to afford itself to accommodate, rather than resist, the force of the act executed by the backgrounded agent. It is concluded that in middle constructions, the subject affords the act denoted by the verb to happen in a particular environment.

关 键 词：示能性理论 中动结构 受事主语 致使结构 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]