三种植物生长物质对马铃薯低温抗冷性的影响  

Effects of Three Plant Growth Substances on Cold Resistance of Potatoes

作　　者：王国莉 陈兆贵 张银枚 龚冠平 文佩玲 WANG Guoli;CHEN Zhaogui;ZHANG Yinmei;GONG Guanping;WEN Peiling(School of Life Science,Huizhou University,Huizhou 516007,Guangdong ,China;College of Life Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,Guangdong ,China;College of Life Scienee,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,Guangdong ,China)

机构地区：[1]惠州学院生命科学学院,广东惠州516007 [2]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州516031 [3]暨南大学生命科学学院,广东广州516032

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2018年第6期21-28,共8页Journal of Huizhou University

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B020301009);惠州市科技计划项目(2015C050008006);惠东县科技计划项目(2014B01014;2015B01012)

摘　　要：对比研究不同生长物质对马铃薯抗冷性的影响,可以为生产上选择适宜抗寒诱导剂,提高马铃薯的低温抗性提供理论指导.以健康生长的马铃薯苗为材料,叶面喷施不同浓度的脱落酸、亚精胺和油菜素内酯溶液,置于10℃低温处理72 h后,记录马铃薯植株冷害症状并测定叶片的生理生化指标.结果发现:与常温对照相比,低温处理的马铃薯叶片内叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性总糖含量显著下降;冷害指数、相对电导率、丙二醛含量显著升高;超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性显著下降.与低温对照相比,施用各种浓度的脱落酸、亚精胺和油菜素内酯溶液均能有效增加叶片内叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和可溶性总糖的含量;降低叶片的相对电导率和丙二醛含量;显著提高超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性.说明外施脱落酸、亚精胺和油菜素内酯均能提高马铃薯的低温抗性,施用10 mg·L-1脱落酸、0.5 mmol·L-1亚精胺,0.01 mg·L-1油菜素内酯对提高马铃薯低温抗冷性的效果最好.这一结果对生产上使用抗寒诱导剂提高马铃薯的低温抗冷性,增加产量和提高品质具有重要指导意义.The study was aimed to provide theoretical guidance for selecting suitable cold resistant inducers through contrastive research of the effects of different growth substances on the cold resistance of potato.With healthy potato seedling as the material,the leaves were sprayed with different concentrations of abscisic acid,spermidine and brassinolide.After plants were treated at 10℃ for 72 h at low temperature in chamber,the symptoms of cold injury of potato plants and the physiological and biochemical indexes of leaves were measured.Results found that,compared with the control under normal temperature,the content of chlorophyll,soluble protein and soluble total sugar decreased significantly in the potato leaves under chilling,and the cold injury index,relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content increased significantly,as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase decreased significantly.Compared with the control at low temperature,the application of various concentrations of abscisic acid,spermidine and brassinolide solution could effectively increase the content of chlorophyll,soluble protein and soluble sugar in leaves,and the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of the leaves were reduced,as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase was significantly increased.The results showed that abscisic acid,spermidine and brassinolide could increase the low temperature tolerance of potatoes,and the treatments with 10 mg·L^-1 abscisic acid,0.5 mmol·L^-1 spermidine and 0.01 mg·L^-1 brassinolide could improve the cold resistance of potatoes.The result might play an important role in selecting cold resistant inducer used to improve the cold resistance of potato under chilling,and then increase the yield and quality of potato.

关 键 词：脱落酸 亚精胺 油菜素内酯 马铃薯 抗冷性 

分 类 号：TP311.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]