基于用户感性需求的产品设计方案评估方法  

Evaluation Method for Product Design Based on Users' Emotional Needs

作　　者：张璐[1] 李巨韬[1] 赵艳云[1] 田正清[1] ZHANG Lu;LI Ju-tao;ZHAO Yan-yun;TIAN Zheng-qing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300191

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2019年第1期152-157,共6页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2015AF32B00)

摘　　要：目前满足用户的情感诉求和情感体验逐渐成为热销产品的关键属性,引起了产品开发者和企业决策者的关注。为了更好地贴合用户情感体验,结合信息熵、灰色关联分析和模糊TOPSIS,提出了以用户感性需求为向导的产品设计方案的评估方法。首先引入感性工学中复合感性意象量化用户的情感信息,通过对收集的产品意象进行聚类分析和主成分分析产生具有代表性的目标意象,运用语义差分调查获得代表意象的评价值;其次对规范化的意象评价值计算其熵值权重;最后结合灰色关联分析和模糊TOPSIS,产生用户情感信息指导下的产品设计备选方案的优先级排序。以智能手表设计为例,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。信息熵和结合灰色关联分析的模糊TOPSIS可以较大限度地减少方案评估时的个人主观影响,确保了评估结果的准确性,对企业产品方案决策具有指导意义。Nowadays,satisfying the users’ emotional requirements and affective experience has generally become the key attribute of the hot-sale products,which attracts the product developers’ and business decision makers’ attention. In order to meet the users’ affective experience needs,an assessment method of product design,which is combined with entropy theory,grey relation analysis and fuzzy-TOPSIS,has been proposed guided by the users’ emotional needs. Firstly,the composite images in kansei engineering is applied to quantify the users’ emotional information. The typical target images are generated by the clustering analysis and the factor analysis of collected product images. The appraisal value of typical images is gained by SD survey. Secondly,after normalizing the appraisal value of typical images,the information entropy is used to calculate their weight. Finally,guided by the users’ emotional information,the rank of priority for the alternatives of product design is obtained through the grey relation analysis and fuzzy-TOPSIS. The example of smartwatch design is adopted to validate the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover,the entropy theory and fuzzy-TOPSIS combined with grey relation analysis can reduce the personal subjective factors to a larger extent during the appraisal,which ensure the accuracy and offer the instruction for decision making of product design solutions in enterprises.

关 键 词：产品设计方案 复合感性意象 信息熵 灰色关联分析 模糊TOPSIS 

分 类 号：TB472[一般工业技术—工业设计] F272.3[经济管理—企业管理]