航天职工体重管理应用群管理模式初探  

Preliminary exploration on the management mode of the space workers' weight management application group

作　　者：孙志颖[1] 张晗[1] 赵翊 吴云峰[1] 张超彦[1] 牟钰洁 赵梅花[1] 范艳丽 高辉[1] 赵红宇[1] 黄丽明[1] SUN Zhi-ying;ZHANG Han;ZHAO Yi(Health Management Center,Beijing Aerospace General Hospital,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天总医院健康管理中心,北京100076 [2]中国航天科技集团公司卫生处,北京100048

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2019年第2期298-302,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：中国航天科技集团公司2016年度软科学研究优秀课题(YXKT201603)

摘　　要：目的体重管理是健康管理必不可缺的一项内容,体重管理也有多种形式,多采用膳食管理或运动管理的单一方式。为了更好开展航天人群的体重管理,健康管理中心采用膳食与运动相结合的方式进行体重群管理,通过群管理形式总结经验,为进一步开展航天系统体重管理形成规范流程。方法 2016年7月份开始,在健康管理中心组建体重管理团队,由健康管理师、膳食管理师、运动管理师、医生、护士各一名组成,对86名超重或肥胖的航天自愿者,采用膳食与运动相结合的方式进行了3个月的群管理。饮食管理分为地中海膳食组、"5+2"轻断食组及限制能量(低GL)组,运动管理采用力量训练及有氧运动相结合的方式,在体重管理期间采用微信群、一对一指导、视频教学、集体课、业余相互交流等形式进行群管理,3个月后测量体成分及体适能等相关数据。结果通过3个月的体重管理,各膳食组体重、脂肪含量、肌肉含量、体脂率及腰臀比均有明显下降,参与者在膳食干预及运动干预的参与度越高,各项体成分的指标变化量越大,减重效果越好;体重管理团队在群管理时与参与者的沟通鼓励可以提高参与者的参与性。结论体重管理时群管理的模式是可行的;选择不同的膳食方式都是可行的;影响体重管理的主要因素,是参与者的主动性与参与性,主动性越高参与度越高,减重效果越好。Objective Weight management is an essential part of health management.There are many ways in weight management such as diet management or exercise management.In order to better carry out the aerospace workers’ weight management,health center adopts the way that is the combination of diet and exercise in weight management,and uses the group management to sum up experience.We can develop system of weight management deeply in order to form the standard process.Methods A weight management team consists of a health manager,a food manager,a sports manager,a doctor and a nurse.A combination of diet and exercise for 86 volunteers,who were overweight or obese,has been done in the form of three months’ group management.The group of diet management is divided into three groups,namely,Mediterranean diet group," 5 + 2" light diet group and restricted energy(low GL) group.Exercise management consists of strength training and aerobic exercise.There are many ways in the group management such as We Chat,one-to-one instruction,video teaching,group class,and members’ communication.Three months later,relevant data,body composition and body fitness were measured.Results According to the results of three months’ weight management,the weight,fat content,muscle content,body fat ratio and waist-to-hip ratio of each group decreased significantly.The higher present rate in dietary intervention and exercise intervention,the greater the change in the index of various body components,and the better the weight loss effect.The communication between the team and volunteers can do good to participate actively in weight management.Conclusion Using group management and different diets is feasible in weight management.The main factors that affect weight management are the participants’ initiative and participation.The higher the participation level,the better the reduction effect.

关 键 词：体重管理 群管理 膳食管理 运动管理 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]