晚清时期中国与巴西建交历程  

The Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China and Brazil in Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王士皓[1] Wang Shihao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史研究所

出　　处：《国际汉学》2018年第4期129-137,203,共10页International Sinology

摘　　要：1881年,中国和巴西签订《和好通商条约》,正式建立外交关系。相较于英美日俄等主要列强,中巴关系显然不是当时对外关系的重点,但是中巴建交依然经历"数易其稿,几于笔秃唇焦"的艰苦谈判。这种艰苦对中方来说,主要体现在希望借两国建交谈判之机,开始在外交实践中"逐渐收回权利"。对于这一事件,需要从晚清外交近代化的过程考虑,才能更好地理解其中的意义。本文通过详细考察两国建交谈判、立约和换约的历程,探讨清政府在外交实践中的切实关注点,并以此说明当时清政府在外交近代化过程中所达到的程度。China and Brazil signed "The Treaty of Tientsin" in 1881, and established formal diplomatic relations. Compared with the diplomatic relations with major powers such as Britain, the United States, Japan and Russia, the bilateral relations between China and Brazil were clearly not the focus of China’s foreign relations, but the process of negotiations was very tough because China aimed to gradually reclaim its diplomatic rights through negotiations. In order to understand the significance of this incident, it is necessary to consider the process of the modernization of diplomacy in late Qing Dynasty. This article makes a detailed investigation of the negotiation and exchange of diplomatic relations between the two countries, discusses the practical concerns of the Qing government in diplomatic practice, and illustrates the role of the Qing government in the process of diplomatic modernization.

关 键 词：巴西 晚清 外交近代化 通商条约 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学]