老年恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的分析与预防  

Analysis and prevention of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with malignant tumor those who received chemotherapy

作　　者：余进松 李忠[1] 贾昀豪 李渊[1] 徐毅[1] 丁波[1] YU Jin-song(Department of general surgery,the first people's hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang ,Henan,473000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳市第一人民医院,河南南阳473012

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2018年第18期2180-2182,共3页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨老年恶性肿瘤患者化疗后出现医院感染发生率及临床特征,针对临床特征提出相应的预防措施。方法回顾性分析2012年8月—2017年8月我院收治的2260例老年(年龄≥60岁)恶性肿瘤化疗患者的临床病例资料,筛选出355例感染患者的临床资料进行分析。结果所有老年恶性肿瘤化疗患者中发生医院感染患者355例,医院感染发生率为15. 71%,其中呼吸道感染发生率54.37%,致病菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主;经Logistic分析,医院感染的发生于化疗后骨髓抑制后的白细胞减少、抗生素的应用,住院时间长短有关。结论对于预防老年恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的关键措施主要在于增强机体免疫力,规范应用抗生素,缩短住院时间。Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical features of nosocomial infection after chemotherapy in elderly patients with malignant tumors,and to propose corresponding preventive measures according to clinical features. Methods The clinical data of 2260 elderly patients( age ≥60 years old) with malignant tumors admitted to our hospital from August 2012 to August 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data of 355 infected patients were screened for analysis.Results A total of 355 patients with nosocomial infection occurred in all elderly patients with malignant tumors. The incidence of nosocomial infection was 15.71%,of which the incidence of respiratory infection was 54. 37%. The pathogenic bacteria were mainly Gram-negative bacteria. Logistic analysis showed that the occurrence of hospital infection correlated to leukopenia after myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy,the use of antibiotics,and the length of hospital stay. Conclusions The key measures for the prevention of nosocomial infection after chemotherapy in elderly patients with malignant tumors are to enhance the body’s immunity,standardize the application of antibiotics,and shorten the length of hospital stay.

关 键 词：老年病人 恶性肿瘤 化疗 医院感染 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]