跨学科的三维测度——外部知识融合、内在知识会聚与科学合作模式  

Interdisciplinarity measurement:External knowledge integration,internal information convergence and research activity pattern

作　　者：黄颖[1,2] 张琳[3,4] 孙蓓蓓 王志楠 朱东华[2] HUANG Ying;ZHANG Lin;SUN Bei-bei;WANG Zhi-nan;ZHU Dong-hua(Department of Public Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Information Management, Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081,China;Department of Management and Economies,North China University of Water Resouree and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450017,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院公共管理系,湖南长沙410082 [2]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京100081 [3]武汉大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [4]华北水利水电大学管理与经济学院,河南郑州450017

出　　处：《科学学研究》2019年第1期25-35,共11页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71573085;71673024);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学研究优秀学者资助项目(2018-YXXZ-10)

摘　　要：跨学科是一个复杂、多维的概念,单一的测度方法无法全面描述其本质特征。先前的研究大多针对跨学科某一维度进行分析,缺乏整体视角和系统建构。本研究对跨学科的外部知识融合、内在知识会聚与科学合作模式三个不同维度进行有效分解与整合,分别从参考文献学科多样性、目标文献学科多样性和合作机构学科多样性三个维度进行测度和综合比较分析,以普赖斯奖获得者的研究论文为例,探索不同测度方法的共性与差异、适应性与结合点,以及跨学科研究不同维度之间的内在关联。与单一维度的方法相比,三维测度可以更加全面地剖析研究对象的跨学科特征,同时也为跨学科的测度研究提供了新思路。Interdisciplinarity is a complex and multidimensional concept,so it is difficult to fully describe its’ essential characteristics by a single indicator. Most previous studies have analyzed interdisciplinarity from single dimension,lacking an overall and systematic perspective. In this paper,we decompose,and then integrate the external knowledge integration,internal knowledge convergence and research activity patterns of interdisciplinarity from three different dimensions. Based on publication data of the winners of Derek de Solla Price,a comparative analysis of category integration,knowledge convergence and scientific cooperation are conducted,to explore the differences,adaptabiliies,relations and possible combinations of the three different measurement methods. Compared with the single indicator,our measurement from three dimensions can better profile the interdisciplinary characteristics of research objects. Such a comprehensive dimension also provides a new perspective of evaluating interdisciplinary research.

关 键 词：跨学科 交叉科学 文献计量 知识会聚 学科多样性 

分 类 号：G256.1[文化科学—图书馆学]