企业专利战略与环境匹配:前沿述评与展望  

A Literature Review on the Strategic Fit between Patent Strategy and Environment

作　　者：谭劲松 赵晓阳[1] Justin Tan;Zhao Xiaoyang(College of Management and Economics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Schulich School of Business,York University,Toronto M3J1P3,Canada)

机构地区：[1]天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300072 [2]加拿大约克大学舒力克商学院

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2019年第1期3-15,共13页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71732005);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71472131)

摘　　要：专利是企业保护和利用创新的重要手段,直接关系到企业的竞争力,专利战略的制定影响企业的生存与发展。本文在总结专利战略研究现状的基础上,从专利申请和专利运营两个维度,以战略匹配逻辑为框架,阐释专利战略与企业所处微观、中观和宏观环境的匹配机理,提出专利战略的未来研究应该关注专利运营、微观发明层的专利战略、网络结构与专利战略关系、转型经济体企业专利战略,以及跨层次动态研究。As the economy has been becoming more knowledge-based and the process of globalization has been accelerating, patent portfolio has become an important aspect of key competitive advantages. Patents make great contributions for firms to protect and benefit from their innovation and are essential for firms’ competence, survival, and development. Previous research has studied patent strategy by scholars of different disciplines from different perspectives. However, an integrated and consistent theoretical framework has not been developed on how firms could initiate suitable patent strategies which fit the dynamic environment. In order to improve the theoretical framework of patent strategy and provide a theoretical basis for firms’ patent management practice in China, by searching and reorganizing literature in recent 10 years, this paper conducts a literature review on the choice of patent strategy including whether to adopt patents to protect innovation and how to leverage patents to generate value from the perspective of strategic fit. We focus on the fit between patent strategy and micro environment, meso environment, and macro environment. We integrate the recent development of patent strategy literature, grasp the research frontier, and construct a theoretical framework on firm patent strategy. This paper holds theoretical implications for patent strategy research by integrating ideas in the literature and giving a consistent framework, and also has practical implications for firms’ patent management practice. Furthermore, based on the literature review, we suggest that future research should put more attention on the following aspects. First, research on patent operation should be extended. Second, since prior research mainly focused on developed economies, future research should study patent strategy in transition economies. Third, patent strategy literature should be expanded by providing insights on micro level mechanisms. Fourth, since prior research ignored the impact of networks on patent strategy,

关 键 词：专利战略 战略匹配 文献综述 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]