栽培稻种间杂种营养优势研究  

STUDIES OF VEGETATIVE HETEROSIS OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS BEWTEEN ORYZA SATIVA AND O. GLABERRIMA

作　　者：胡凤益[1] 陶大云[1] 杨友琼[1] 徐鹏[1] 李静[1] 周家武[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮作所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第2期146-150,共5页Journal of Southwest Agricultural University

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金重点项目 (97C 0 0 4Z);西非稻作发展协会 (WARDA)资助项目

摘　　要：为了研究利用栽培稻种间杂种优势 ,用 13个亚洲栽培稻品种 (9个籼稻 ,4个粳稻 )和 13个非洲栽培稻品种形成7个处理 :I,籼稻亲本 9个品种 ;II,粳稻亲本 4个品种 ;III,非洲栽培稻亲本 13个品种 ;IV ,籼稻 /非洲栽培稻杂种 95个组合 ;V ,粳稻 /非洲栽培稻 4 1个组合 ;VI,籼 /粳亚种间杂种 39个组合 ;VII,非洲栽培稻 /非洲栽培稻品种间杂种 11个组合 ;于 2 0 0 0年早稻在海南三亚对分蘖期、抽穗期单株干重及单株茎蘖数进行研究表明 ,籼稻与非洲栽培稻间的种间杂种在分蘖期单株干重及单株茎蘖数上有显著的超亲优势 ,也有强于籼粳亚种间杂种的竞争优势 ,粳稻与非洲栽培稻间的种间杂种在分蘖期及抽穗期单株干重上都有显著的超亲优势 ,但与籼粳亚种间杂交种相比 ,竞争优势不明显。同时发现 ,非洲栽培稻品种间杂交种也有很强的超亲优势。这些结果表明 ,籼稻与非洲栽培稻杂交种可比籼粳亚种间杂交种显著提高分蘖期的单株干重及单株茎蘖数 。Thirteen accessions of Oryza sativa and 13 accessions of O. glaberrima were used to form 7 different treatments, i.e. 9 accessions of O. sativa subsp. indica as parents in cross combinations, 4 accessions of O. sativa subsp. japonica as parents in cross combinations, 13 accessions of O. glaberrima as parents, 95 cross combinations of O. sativa subsp. indica /O. glaberrima, 41 cross combinations of O. sativa subsp. japonica / O. glaberrima, 39 cross combinations of O. sativa subsp. indica / O. sativa subsp. japonica, and 11 cross combinations of O. glaberrima / O. glaberrima. Dry matter weight at the tilling and the heading stages and tiller number per plant were recorded. The interspecific hybrids of O. sativa subsp. indica /O. glaberrima had significant heterobeltiosis as compared to either parent and significant standard heterosis over the hybrids of indica / japonica in dry weight at the tillering stage and in tiller number per plant. The hybrids of O. sativa subsp. japonica / O. glaberrima showed significant heterobeltiosis in dry matter weight at both tillering and heading stages, but they had no significant standard heterosis over the intraspecific hybrids within O. glaberrima. These results imply that the interspecific hybrids of O. sativa subsp. indica / O. glaberrima may increase dry weight of the plants at the tillering stage and tiller number per plant to a greater extent than indica / japonica hybrids and that interspecific hybridization between O. sativa subsp. japonica and O. glaberrima represents another approach for improving biomass at both tillering and heading stages of rice.

关 键 词：非洲栽培稻 亚洲栽培稻 籼稻 粳稻 种间杂交 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511.035.1[农业科学—作物学]