麦秆表面形貌及表面元素分析  

Analysis on Structural Features and Surface Elements of Wheat Straw

作　　者：刘志明[1] 王逢瑚[1] 苏润洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2002年第2期62-65,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪对麦秆表面形貌及表面元素进行了分析研究。研究表明 :麦秆横切面上有表皮组织、薄壁组织和维管组织 3种组织 ;外表面壁上有长细胞、短细胞、栓质细胞、硅细胞和气孔器 ,外壁被强烈加厚 ,其不被叶鞘包围的部分有发达的角质层 ;内表面主要是薄壁细胞 ,这些细胞之间排列不是很紧密 ,也没有形成角质层。在麦秆的不同层面上 ,C元素含量由外及里逐渐降低 ;O元素、N元素含量由外及里逐渐升高 ;Si元素含量中间层最高。麦秆表面经过氩离子溅射后 ,由外及里 ,随着氩刻的加深 ,C含量呈现降低趋势 ,O、N、Si含量呈现升高趋势。由 2 0℃到 2 70℃的升温过程中 ,170℃是C、O元素含量的转折点 ,而N、Si元素含量在升温过程中变化幅度不是很大。Structural features and elements of wheat straw were analyzed with the optical microscope (OM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). Epidermis tissue, parenchyma tissue, vascular tissue were seen in the cross section of wheat straw. There were long cell, short cell, suberization cell, silica cell and pit aperture in the surface of wheat straw. External wall was strengthened strongly, developed cuticle was formed in the area of leaf sheath surrounded. Internal wall mainly was parenchyma cell, which was not arranged tightly and not formed cuticle. In the different section of wheat straw, C content was going down from exterior to interior, but O and N contents were going up, Si content was the largest in the middle section. After surface sputtered by Ar +, C content was decreased from exterior to interior, on the contrary, O, N and Si contents were rising with the depth. During the course of heating from 20℃ to 270℃, 170℃ is the turning point of C and O content. However, the change of N and Si contents was not obviously in the heating.

关 键 词：麦秆 表面形貌 表面元素 脲醛树脂 麦秆刨花板 

分 类 号：TS653.5[轻工技术与工程] TS62