四氧化二氮和偏二甲基肼染毒复合冲击伤大鼠血气及病理形态学的变化  

Effect of blast-poison compound injury induced by nitrous tetroxide and unsym-dimethylhydrazine and blast wave on blood gas analysis and pathomorphology in rats

作　　者：岳茂兴 杨鹤鸣 夏亚东[2] 王德文[2] 杨志焕[3] 王正国[3] 李建忠 徐世全 彭瑞云[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三O六医院特种病科,北京100101 [2]解放军军事医学科学院 [3]第三军医大学附属大坪医院野战外科研究所第四研究室

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2002年第5期305-308,共4页Chinese Journal of Trauma

基　　金：解放军总装备部卫生局基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 0 10 30 6) ;全军"十五"医药卫生指令性课题资助项目( 0 1L15 )

摘　　要：目的　观察四氧化二氮 (N2 O4 )和偏二甲基肼 (UDMH)染毒复合冲击伤 (冲毒复合伤 )大鼠血气及病理形态学的变化。　方法　健康雄性Wistar大鼠 168只 ,随机分为 :( 1)UDMH冲毒复合伤组 (BU组 ) ;( 2 )N2 O4 冲毒复合伤组 (BN组 ) ;( 3 )UDMH及N2 O4 冲毒复合伤组 (BUN组 ) ,每组 5 6只大鼠。大鼠在冲击伤后 10min相继吸入UDMH和 (或 )N2 O4 造成重度冲击伤复合中毒模型。于伤前及伤后 3 ,6,12 ,2 4 ,4 8,72h进行血气分析和主要器官病理形态学检查。　结果　BUN组大鼠临床症状进行性加重 ,肺泡内弥漫性充满淡粉色渗出物及大片状出血 ,肺出血和水肿均加重。心肌细胞不同程度浊肿 透明性变 ,可见个别心肌纤维断裂 ,心肌间质疏松及出血水肿 ,心肌病变加重。肝血窦扩张 充血 ,肝细胞浊肿等。三组动物伤后 3～ 12h动脉血氧分压 (PaO2 )均显著下降 ,其中 3～ 6h下降最为显著。BUN组大鼠PaO2 下降持续时间最长 ,恢复较前两组慢。　结论　UDMH及N2 O4 冲毒复合伤时 ,大鼠呼吸系统症状更严重 ,其主要的病理学改变和血气变化也最明显 。Objective To establish the rat models with blast-poison compound injury with nitrous tetroxide (N 2O 4) and unsym-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) and blast wave and to study the effect of blast-poison compound injury on the blood gas analysis and pathomorphological changes. Methods A total of 168 healthy male rats were given blast wave at 471.5 kPa in the BST-Ⅰ blast wave tube. After 10 minutes of blast injury, the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The rats continuously inhaling UDMH were taken as the BU group, the rats inhaling N 2O 4 as the BN group and the rats inhaling UDMH and N 2O 4 as the BUN group. Results The clinical symptoms of the rats in the BUN group were aggravated progressively, the pulmonary alveoli was diffusely filled with pink exudate and large patchy hemorrhage, and pneumorrhagia and pneumonedema were aggravated. Cloudy swelling or hyaline degeneration occurred in the cardiac muscle cells in different degree and individual myocardial fiber was broken. The myocardial mesenchyme was loose and hemorrhage and edema occurred. The pathologic change of the myocardium was aggravated. Dilation of the hepatic sinusoid and cloudy swelling in the hepatic cells were observed. The partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO 2) in all the 3 groups significantly decreased at 3-12 hours after injury and reached the lowest point at 3-6 hours after injury. The decreasing period of the PaO 2 in the BUN group lasted longest and it recovered more slowly than that of the other 2 groups. Conclusions All the animals have more serious symptoms of the respiratory system with the coexistence of blast injury and poisons of N 2O 4 and UDMH. The animals in all the 3 groups have pathomorphologic changes and they are the worst in the BUN group. It emphasizes the significance of the early treatment of compound injury(at 3-6 hours after injury).

关 键 词：四氧化二氮 偏二甲基肼 染毒复合冲击伤 血气 病理形态学 创伤 损伤 中毒 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]