发展性阅读障碍的脑功能成像研究  

Brain imaging studies of developmental dyslexia

作　　者：周晓林[1] 孟祥芝[1] 陈宜张[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系,北京100871 [2]浙江大学医学院,浙江杭州310031

出　　处：《中国神经科学杂志》2002年第2期568-572,共5页

基　　金：国家攀登计划 (95 专 0 9);国家自然科学基金 (3 0 0 70 2 60 );教育部博士点基金 (990 0 0 12 7);科学技术重点项目基金(0 10 0 2 );人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目基金;高等学校骨干教师基金的资助

摘　　要：总结了认知神经科学对拼音文字中发展性阅读障碍的脑功能成像 (fMRI和PET)研究 ,指出这些研究反映了解释发展性阅读障碍的两种理论倾向———强调语言模块化的语音加工缺陷假说和强调非语言学作用的基本知觉加工缺陷假说。研究表明 ,颞 顶联合区 (角回及其周围脑区 )功能活动的变异是阅读障碍的主要神经基础 ,但其他脑区也起一定的作用。作者认为 ,由于汉语文字系统的独特性 ,开展中文发展性阅读障碍的脑功能成像研究是摆在认知神经科学家面前的任务之一。This paper reviews current brain imaging (fMRI and PET) studies of developmental dyslexia. It points out that these studies were guided by the two dominant views in the cognitive studies of developmental dyslexia: those that emphasize the linguistic and phonological processing deficits as the core syndrome of dyslexia and those that take dyslexia as the extension of basic visual and auditory processing deficits. The temporoparietal junction (angular gyrus and nearby temporal and parietal areas) probably plays the most crucial role in developmental dyslexia, although other brain areas may also have some influences. It is suggested that cognitive neuroscientists need to develop a program for the study of brain mechanisms of developmental dyslexia in Chinese, which has a logographic writing system with many properties different from alphabetic systems.

关 键 词：发展性阅读障碍 脑功能成像 认知神经科学 颞-顶联合区 语音障碍 视觉加工缺陷 

分 类 号：R741.04[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]