新疆昭苏野生油菜与黑芥品种尤嫩斯染色体组型和带型比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IDIOGRAM AND CHROMOSOME BANDING OF ZHAOSU XINJIANG WILD RAPE AND BRASSICA NIGRA VAR.JUNLUS

作　　者：陈庆祥[1] 王兆木[1] 孙卫琳[1] 杜伟[1] 王燕飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》1991年第1期64-70,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

摘　　要：大量的细胞学观察表明,昭苏野生油菜与黑芥之间,不论是在染色体数上,还是在染色体组型、带型以及染色体大小、总长上都有较大的差异。昭苏野生油菜的染色体数为2n=18,芥黑则为2n=16;染色体组型,前者为14m+4m(SAT),后者为8m+4sm+4sm(SAT);染色体带型,前者为12C/C+2CN/C+2WN^O/O+2W/O,后者为12C/C+2WN/C+2WN^O/C;染色体长度前者为2.00—4.00μ,后者为6.48—3.75μ,虽然黑芥染色体条数少于野生油菜,但总长度却长于昭苏野生油菜。通过观察测量和分析比较,我们认为,昭苏野生油菜与黑芥在亲缘关系上有着较大的距离,二者为不同的物种。From lots of cytological observations made,it can be affirmed that fairly large differences exist between Xinjiang wld rape and Brassii- ca nigra no matter it be in the number of chromosomes,in idiogram,in chromosome banding,in chromosome size or in their overall length. The number of chromosomes for the former is 2n=18,whereas for the latter it is 2n=16;in idiogram the former is 14m+4m(SAT),whereas for the latter,it is 8m+4sm+4sm(SAT);and in chromosome banding it is 12C/C+2CN/C+2WN^0/O+2W/O for the former and 12C/C+ 2WN/C+2WN^0/C_b for the latter.The length of the Brassica niara′s chro- mosome is longer than that of the Xinjiang wild rape whose length is in between 2.00-4.00μ,whereas that of the former in between 6.48-3.75μ. Although the chromosome of Brassica nigra has fewer strips than the ot- her,yet its overall length is longer.From observations,measurements,analyses and comparisons made,we are of the belief that in the aspect of genetic relation,there is quite a good distance between the two. They are of different species.

关 键 词：野生油菜 黑芥 染色体组型 带型 

分 类 号：Q949.748.3[生物学—植物学]