太湖地区湖、河和井水中氮污染状况的研究  

Non-Point Source N Pollution of Lakes,Rivers and Wells in the Taihu Lake Region

作　　者：熊正琴[1] 邢光熹[1] 沈光裕[1] 孙德玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所物质循环开放实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2002年第2期29-33,共5页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(39790100)资助

摘　　要：连续监测了 2 0 0 0年 9月至 2 0 0 1年 9月太湖、大运河和井水中的N污染状况。结果表明 ,太湖水体中无机氮年均浓度达 1.14mg·L-1,已超过水体富营养化的浓度下限 ;大运河和井水分别达 7.16mg·L-1和 15 .84mg·L-1;井水中NO-3 -N浓度高达 15 .4 7mg·L-1,超过WHO所规定的生活饮用水NO-3 -N浓度上限的 5 0 %。试验结果还表明 ,河水中氮污染源以NH+ 4 -N为主 ,浓度高达 5 .6 3mg·L-1,占无机氮(NO-2 -N含量很低 ,忽略不计 )的 79% ;而井水中无机氮以NO-3 -N为主 ,占 98%。湖、河及井水中不同深度水样的分析结果表明 ,NO-3 -N和NH+ 4 -N浓度差异不显著 ,但其随时间变化差异明显。Eutrophication and nitrate contamination of groundwater in the Taihu Lake region has aroused nationwide concern recently.NO 3 --N and NH 4 +-N concentrations in lake,river and well waters in the Taihu Lake region were monitored twice a month with three replicates in the year from Sept.26,2000 to Sept.26,2001.At the same time,both surface and bottom water sampled from the lakes,rivers and wells four times in the year were analyzed for NO 3 --N and NH 4 +-N concentrations.Results demonstrated that the average concentrations of inorganic N (sum of NO 3 --N and NH 4 +-N) amounted to 1.14,7.16 and 15.84 mg·L -1 in the lake,river and well waters,respectively, all exceeding the limit of eutrophication and the well water had seriously been contaminated by nitrate.Moreover,the major pollutant in the river water was NH 4 +-N and in the well water NO 3 --N.The results also indicated that in the lake,river and well waters,there was no obvious difference in NO 3 --N and NH 4 +-N concentrations between surface and bottom waters while there was between sampling dates.It is hence concluded that the aquatic systems had been seriously polluted by anthropogenic N.

关 键 词：太湖地区 面源污染 水环境 湖水 河水 井水 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52