一种新的地质地貌景观类型——河北省白石山大理岩构造峰林特点及成因  

A new type of geological-geomorphological landscape:The Baishi Mountain marble structural "peak forest"(hoodoos)and its Origin

作　　者：聂泽同[1] 梁定益[1] 赵崇贺[1] 宋志敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质通报》2002年第6期357-362,共6页Geological Bulletin of China

摘　　要：河北省涞源县白石山,在构造上位于NNE向太行山深断裂带的西缘。白石山呈现“双层结构”,山体“底座”为燕山期花岗岩,“顶盖”为中元古界雾迷山组(Jxw)白云石大理岩,形成巨型“顶盘悬挂体”。这里实际上是燕山期以来构造活动带和强震带中的一块“安全岛”,既有产生构造峰林强大的构造应力,又能使峰林很好地保存下来。产状近于水平的白云石大理岩层,因受强大的燕山期主压应力作用,产生两组直立的、规模宏大的NNE和NNW向共轭剪切节理,形成“X型构造”。新生代以来,山体上升,在构造节理的主导下,配合物理风化及部分地表流水作用,逐步发展成为白云石大理岩构造峰林。这是中国地质地貌景观的一种新类型。Baishi (which means white rock in Chinese)Mountain at Laiyuan County,Hebei Province,is tectonically located on the western margin of the NNE-trending Taihangshan deep fault zone.It shows a double-layered structure,with Yanshanian granites as its'base'and dolomitic marble of the Mesopro-terozoic Wumishan Formation as the'top',forming a gigantic pendent.In fact,the mountain is a'safety island'in the tectonically active zone and strong earthquake zone since the Yanshanian,where strong tec-tonic stress produced'peak forest'(hoodoos )and the'peak forest'has also been well preserved.Under the strong Yanshanian principal compressional stress,two sets of vertical gigantic NNE and NNW conju-gate shear joins were produced in the subhorizontal dolomitic marble,forming an'X-shaped structure'.Since the Cenozoic this mountain has risen and owing to structural jointing,combined with mechanical weathering and surface water erosion,it has gradually become a dolomitic marble'peak forest'.This is a new type of landscape in China.

关 键 词：构造峰林 白云石大理岩 燕山运动 节理 白石山 河北省 

分 类 号：P542.33[天文地球—构造地质学]