区域可持续发展评价:进展与展望  

An Assessment of Regional Sustainable Development: Progress and Perspectives

作　　者：李利锋[1] 郑度[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2002年第3期237-248,共12页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划项目"青藏高原形成演化及其环境;资源效应" (G1 9980 4 0 80 0 )子课题 (G1 9980 4 0 81 6 )

摘　　要：可持续发展的评价是目前可持续发展研究的热点和前沿。当前评价可持续发展的单项指标和指标体系在指标与可持续性的关系、指标权重的选择、指标的定量化、可持续性的总体判别方法、资本替代性与替代速度、指标阈值的确定等方面具有不同的局限性 ,这也是可持续发展评价的主要难点。可持续发展的评价必然要落实到不同尺度的空间地理单元上 ,区域发展是评价的对象 ,因而可持续发展的评价必然具有显著的区域性 ,不同区域的评价指标或指标体系必然会有所不同。社会、经济与人口的发展是人类社会发展的主要目标 ,而发展的可持续性依赖于自然环境的质量 ,包括自然资源的再生或替代、生命支持系统与生物多样性的维持或改善。据此 ,论文构建了区域可持续发展评价的理论框架和发展——可持续性二维评价坐标体系 ,并提出了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的指标遴选方法。The assessment of sustainability is a critical issue and a frontier in the research area of sustainable development. The paper reviews the current methodologies and theories, and identifys main difficulties and probable solutions, such as the relationship between sustainability and indicators, weighting of indicators, quantifying of indicators, substitution between different capitals, and definition of thresholds. It argues that the assessment of sustainability should be focused on certain geographical area and would be stamped with the brand of a region. Thus the indicators of sustainable development in different regions vary remarkably. It points out that socio economic development, consisting of economic, social and demographic improvements, is the main objective of regional development, but its sustainability depends on the support capability of environment, including the life support system, resource, and biodiversity. Thus, the development and its sustainability can be regarded as a two coordinate axes of the reference frame to assess regional development. Based on the methodology of barometer of sustainability, sustainability can be pictured in four different quadrants in this reference frame. Moreover, it puts forward the methodology for indicator selecting.

关 键 词：可持续发展 评价 指标体系 理想框架 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]