γ射线暴的最新研究进展:火球模型、余辉及前身星  

PROGRESS IN GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: THE FIREBALL MODEL,AFTERGLOWS AND PROGENITORS

作　　者：王祥玉[1] 戴子高[1] 陆埮[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学天文系,南京210093

出　　处：《物理学进展》2002年第2期131-162,共32页Progress In Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (1 9973 0 0 3 ;1 982 5 1 0 9);国家 973项目 (NKBRSFG1 9990 75 4 )资助项目

摘　　要：γ射线暴 (称简γ暴 )的研究在最近几年里有了巨大的突破。观测上 ,人们发现了γ暴的低能余辉以及与γ射线爆发同时的光学爆发 ,还发现了它位于宇宙学距离的寄主星系。越来越多的观测证据还表明长时标γ暴与恒星形成区、甚至可能与超新星成协。在γ暴的相对论火球模型框架下 ,人们对γ暴以及余辉的产生机制的认识也有了进展。进而人们对γ暴的前身星以及环境效应等有了新的认识。Major advances have been made in the field of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in recent years. In the aspect of observations, fading X-ray, optical and radio afterglows, optical burst occurring during the gamma-ray emission, and the GRB host galaxies at cosmological distance are discovered. There is evidence showing that many GRBs of long duration are associated with star-forming regions and possibly supernovae. Progress has been made in understanding how the GRB and afterglow radiation arises in terms of a relativistic reball shock model. With these advances, people are now getting better understandings of their progenitors and the effects of the environment, etc. Here we will give a review on these advances and understandings.

关 键 词：火球模型 余辉 Γ射线暴 超新星 辐射机制 产生机制 环境效应 恒星 

分 类 号：P172.3[天文地球—天文学]