江西省不同类型退化荒山生态系统植被恢复与重建措施  

The Vegetation Restoration and Reconstruction of Different Types of Degraded Barren Ecosystems In Jiangxi

作　　者：郭晓敏[1] 牛德奎[1] 刘苑秋[1] 杜天真[1] 肖舜祯[1] 叶学华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《生态学报》2002年第6期878-884,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：江西省科委重点科技资助项目 ( [1 993]2 4 9-2 ) ;江西省林业厅科技推广资助项目 ( [1 990 ]78)

摘　　要：对江西省 5种不同类型退化荒山生态系统进行综合治理 ,开展植被恢复与重建技术及理论研究。研究结果表明 :优选的植物组合及合理的配置并辅以工程措施是快速启动植被恢复进程 ,控制水土流失、重建退化荒山生态系统的有效措施。一林多用的树种组合 ,合理的生物体系设计和针、阔叶树种混交是改良地力 ,改善环境 ,促进退化荒山生态系统进展演替的优良途径。先进造林技术的应用和林农牧业结合的复合经营方式是提高综合治理效益 。To restore vegetation on five major types of barren hills in Jiangxi Province, trials were set up in 1990 and were carefully monitored afterwards. Both short and long term feasibility were taken into account by selecting high valued and hardy species to ensure the success of the re-vegetation processes on these barren hills. Based on the type of the barren hill and local weather pattern, species of trees, shrubs, grasses and their combinations were carefully selected to study suitability of the plant. According to the local conditions and goals, various management skills and practices with either the cross-over or the randomized block design were conducted. The survival rates, growth rates and degree of vegetative coverage were recorded annually. In 1994, economic analysis and a more detailed survey were conducted to record biomass, microclimate, soil properties and root growth. The results indicated that simultaneous introduction of a mixture of selected conifers, broadleaf trees, shrubs and grass improved soil properties and erosion control significantly and stimulated further vegetative growth. Eminent pioneer trees and grasses are: Pinus massoniana, Platycladus orientalis, Liquidambar fomosana, Schima superba and Gardenia jasminoides, Lespedeza spp. On limestone barren hills, combinations of Platycladus orientalis and Firmiana simplex, Toona sinensis and Amorpha fruticosa, Alnus cremastogyna and Platycladus orientalis as well as Cornus macrophylla and Amorpha fruticosa gave satisfactory results. Mixtures of Pinus massoniana spp. and Lespedeza spp. with Paspalum wettsteimit as well as Pinus elliottii and Liquidambar fomosana with Digitaria spp. produced the best results on severely eroded barren hills in south and east side of the province. Root hormone to stimulate root growth, sapling transplantation with container seedling to boost survival rates, fertilizer supplement to provide proper nutrients for growth, species selection to elevate survival rate as well as economic return when harvest and high

关 键 词：江西 类型 退化荒山 生态系统 植被恢复 植被重建 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]