渔塘坝黑色富硒岩石中硒的赋存状态及其对局域环境的效应研究(英)  

Modes of Occurrence of Selenium in the Black Se-Rich Rocks of Yutangba and Its Impact on the Local Environment

作　　者：朱建明[1] 郑宝山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国科学院研究生院学报》2002年第2期219-221,共3页Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：supportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(40 10 3 0 0 7;40 13 3 0 10;40 173 0 3 8)

摘　　要：选取迄今世界上唯一发生过人群硒中毒爆发性流行的地区———湖北恩施渔塘坝为研究区.研究结果表明,在渔塘坝废弃的 石煤堆"和富硒岩段,首次发现了多形态、多成因的自然硒和硒铜蓝、水硒铁石等硒的独立矿物,证实了富硒岩石中自然硒的存在.富硒岩石中硒主要以有机结合态和残渣态硒为主.元素硒的形成过程是影响风化岩石硒释放、转化和迁移的重要因素.富硒岩石是渔塘坝高硒区形成的直接因素.硒中毒的高风险主要受玉米硒(主食)的控制,渔塘坝目前依然是硒中毒可能发生的高风险区.Yutangba village, located in the northern part of Shuanghe Town of Enshi City in the SW of Hubei Province, China, is the unique location in the world where a sudden incidence of Se poisoning took place in 1963. It is one of the most typical high-Se areas in Enshi Prefecture, and thus it is selected as our study area. The results from studies show that native Se, which varies morphologically due to different mechanisms, has been discovered within the abandoned stone coal spoils and Se-rich carbonaceous siliceous rock. Krutaite(CuSe 2), mandarinoite(Fe 2(SeO 3) 3) and other Se minerals are also found. In the black Se-rich rocks of Yutangba, Refractory-Se and Organic-Se are predominant, the others are sulfide or selenide-Se, elemental Se and available Se, respectively. The processes of forming elemental Se is not only the key phase for Se transforming among the different Se fractions in Se-rich rocks, and also for Se releasing, mobilizing and transporting during Se-rich rocks weathering. The Se-rich carbonaceous siliceous rock and carbonaceous shale of the Permian Maokou and Wujiaping are the predominant factors for Yutangba to develop into a high-Se area. The manners of cultivating activities and life of local inhabitants are the main factors that cause Se to accumulate in food chain, and high risk of Se poisoning occurrence is mainly controlled by Se content in corn (main food). So, Yutangba is still a high risk area to villagers, where Se poisoning is possible to take place.

关 键 词：硒赋存状态 自然硒 硒化物 硒结合态 黑色富硒岩石 局域环境效应 恩施渔塘坝 湖北 硒中毒 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]