克拉玛依原油中各组分的乳化性质  

EMULSIFICATION PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS IN KELAMAYI CRUDE OIL

作　　者：林梅钦[1] 杨红生[1] 纪淑玲[1] 李明远[1] 吴肇亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京石油大学化工学院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2002年第3期65-69,共5页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家科技部重点基础研究专项经费资助 (G19990 2 2 5 0 5 )

摘　　要：用沉淀法和色谱分离法将克拉玛依原油分离成沥青质、极性物和抽余油三组分。红外光谱分析表明 ,沥青质和极性物中存在一些含氧官能团的羧酸类或酚类以及含氮化合物 ,而抽余油则主要为烃类物质 ,因而沥青质和极性物的界面活性大于抽余油。沥青质具有较强的油包水 (W /O)乳化能力 ,是造成克拉玛依原油W /O乳化的主要组分 ;极性物具有较强的水包油 (O/W )乳化能力 ,是造成克拉玛依原油O/W乳化的主要组分 ;Kelamayi crude oil was separated into asphaltene, polar fraction and remaining fraction by precipitation method and separation through silica gel column. The components of the fractions have been investigated. The results showed that the differences of the components and contents of the fractions in crude oil were obvious. The asphaltene and polar fraction contain considerable amount of heteroatomic compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, etc, so they are interfacially active. The remaining fraction contains mainly hydrocarbons, so it is interfacially non active. In Kelamayi crude oil, the asphaltene fraction possesses a comparatively strong ability of forming W/O emulsion and plays a dorminant role. The polar fraction forms an O/W emulsion. The remaining fraction has a weak ability to form emulsion.

关 键 词：克拉玛依原油 组分 沥青质 极性物 抽余油 乳化性质 

分 类 号：TE622.9[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]