天然彩色棉纤维色素的遗传基础形成及湿处理色素变化规律的研究  

Study on the Genetics and Production of Fiber Pigments and Color Deviation After Wetting Process of Naturally Colored Cotton

作　　者：邱新棉[1] 周文龙[2] 李茂松[2] 马永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物研究所,杭州310021 [2]浙江工程学院,杭州310012

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第6期610-615,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"8 63"计划"天然彩色棉特异优良种质材料的创新及其利用"(2 0 0 1AA2 410 89);"九五";"十五";浙江省科技重点项目"天然彩色棉新品种选育及产品系列开发利用研究"(99110 2 3 10 ;0 10 0 0 70 2 4)

摘　　要：通过对天然彩色棉遗传基础的研究表明 ,天然彩色棉纤维色素受遗传基因控制 ,天然棕色棉纤维性状表现为不完全显性单基因控制 ,天然绿色棉纤维性状表现为由 1对不完全显性主效基因控制。天然彩色棉纤维色素的形成和积累与色素合成酶基因在纤维细胞中的特异性表达有关 ,在纤维初生壁伸长期 ,天然彩色棉的纤维色素与白棉花一样均为纯白色 ,当进入纤维的细胞壁加厚期时 ,逐渐显现出很淡的色素 ,直到纤维充分成熟 (即吐絮 )时颜色才达到最深程度。天然彩色棉湿处理后色素变化也有一定的规律性 ,天然棕色棉的色调沿蒙塞尔色相环逆时针变化 ,天然绿色棉的色调沿蒙塞尔色相环顺时针变化 ,湿处理后的天然彩色棉纤维色素有变深变艳的趋势 。The study on genetics of naturally colored cotton suggests that the fiber pigment are controlled by genes. The appearances of brown and green cotton of the fiber are dominated respectively by incompletely dominant single genes and incompletely dominant major genes. Production and accumulation of the fiber pigment are related to special expression of enzymatic genes for pigment synthesis in fiber cells. On the stage of fiber lengthening, naturally colored cotton, like white cotton, appears purely white. But when entering fiber cell wall thickening stage, a little pigment appears by degrees. When the fiber is matured completely(on boll dehiscence), the color turns into the darkest level. After wetting process treatment, hue of the fiber pigment all change in some regular patterns. As for brown cotton, the hue will change anti clockwise way with hue circle of brown and green cotton respectively. In general, the treated cotton color and luster will become dark and vivid, and this trend will provide a possibility for enhancing the fiber quality by suitable environmental friendly finishing. The analysis shows that the color and luster of the cotton may be controlled by a series of pigments which show a little different chemical performance.

关 键 词：天然彩色棉 纤维色素 遗传基础 形成 湿处理 色素变化 棉纤维 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]