湖南省人类活动诱发地质灾害的现状与防治对策  

Present situation and control countermeasure of geological hazards induced by human activity in Hunan Province

作　　者：王群[1] 杨顺泉[1] 魏军才[1] 李佐海[1] 李贵仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省国土资源厅,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2002年第2期56-62,69,共8页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅软科学研究计划 (重点 )资助项目 (0 0ZRY10 14)

摘　　要：湖南是我国地质灾害较严重的省份之一 ,人类活动诱发的地质灾害是湖南地质灾害的主要方面 ,约占地质灾害总数的 6 0 %以上。诱发的灾害种类达 30余种 ,主要为滑坡、地面岩溶塌陷、矿山采空区地面沉裂、崩塌及泥石流 5种 ,占人类活动诱发地质灾害总数 80 %以上。它们的发生与切坡开挖、抽排地下水及坑道洞室开挖等工程活动关系最为密切。文章通过对诱发地质灾害的情况分析 ,归纳出人类活动方式及各类工程活动与诱发地质灾害的相关关系以及诱发各类地质灾害的分布与发育程度 ,并在此基础上提出了防治对策建议。Hunan Province is an area of relatively high geological hazard activity, where most of its geological hazards are induced by human activity,which is above 60 percent of total geological hazards and has above 30 kinds.Principal kinds are landslide, surface Karst collapse,surface collapse in mining areas, rockfall and debris flow.These hazards are related to engineering activity,such as slope cutting, groundwater pumping and draining, tunnel and cave digging.According to incomplete statistics, since 1949～2000, Hunan′s economic losses induced by geological hazard are above one billion yuan.Through analyzing,the paper deduces the relation between human activity and geological hazards, and finds the distributive rule and developing degree of the geological hazards. Meanwhile based on these analysis, this paper suggestes some countermeasures that prevent human activity from inducing geological hazards.

关 键 词：人类活动 诱发 地质灾害 防治对策 湖南 矿山 滑坡 采空区 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]