小兴安岭泥炭藓沼泽生态系统中的汞  

Mercury in the Peat Bog Ecosystem in Xiaoxing′an Mountain in China

作　　者：刘汝海[1] 王起超[1] 吕宪国[1] 麻壮伟[1] 方凤满[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春地理研究所,长春130021

出　　处：《环境科学》2002年第4期102-106,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (40 0 710 72 );中国科学院重大项目 (KZCX2 30 2 )

摘　　要：研究了小兴安岭汤旺河流域中的泥炭、土壤和植物样品的汞 ,泥炭地总汞的平均含量为 65 8～ 1 86 6ng/g ;高于黑龙江土壤A层汞平均含量 ,也高于美国佛罗里达大沼泽国家公园和瑞典Birkeness湿地的含量 .甲基汞平均含量为 0 1 6～ 1 86ng/g;约占总汞的 0 2 %～ 1 4% ,泥炭地总汞最高浓度出现在 5～ 1 0cm深处 ,为 1 86 6ng/g ,甲基汞最高浓度出现在 1 0～ 1 5cm处 ,为 1 86ng/g ,均随深度增加而减少 .甲基汞含量与总汞没有很强的相关性(p =0 0 5 ,r=0 2 8) .森林坡地土壤总汞含量低于泥炭 ,泥炭地疏干后总汞浓度明显升高 ,而甲基汞浓度则降低 .植物中总汞浓度苔藓 >草本 >灌木 >乔木 ,苔藓总汞浓度为 1 1 9ng/g ,区域汞的来源为大气传输 ,并明显富集 。The mercury content in Tangwang River forested catchment of Xiaoxingan Mountain in Northeast of China was studied. The average total mercuruy (THg) in peat profile ranged from 65 8ng/g to 186 6ng/g with the highest in the depth of 5～10m. THg in the peat surface was higher than the background in Heilongjiang province, and higher than the Florida Evergrade in America and Birkeness in Sweden. MeHg ranged from 0 16ng/g to 1 86ng/g with the highest in the depth of 10～15cm. MeHg was 0 2～1 2% of THg. They all decreased with the depth. There was no strong significant correlation between the THg and MeHg ( p =0 05, r =0 28). THg in upland mor layer of soil (0～20cm) was compareable to the peat surface (0～20cm), but in deeper layer THg in peat was much higher than the forested mineral soil. THg in the peat bog increased, but MeHg decreased after it was drained 30 years ago. THg in plant was different, THg in the moss (119ng/g, n =12) was much larger than the herbage, the arbor and the shrub. The peat bog was contaminated by mercury coming from the atmosphere to some degree.

关 键 词：小兴安岭 泥炭 生态系统 汞 甲基汞 泥炭沼泽 土壤监测 苔藓 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]