上海城市热环境的空间格局分析  

Study on Spatial Pattern of Urban Heat Environment in Shanghai City

作　　者：陈云浩[1] 李晓兵[1] 史培军[1] 何春阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京师范大学资源科学研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《地理科学》2002年第3期317-323,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目 ;国家自然科学基金赞助项目(3 0 0 0 0 0 2 7);教育部"高等学校骨干教师资助计划"

摘　　要：城市热环境是城市空间环境在热力场中的综合表现 ,通过对城市热环境的研究可以揭示城市空间结构、城市规模的发展变化。在RS、GIS的支持下 ,研究城市热环境的空间格局分析方法。借鉴景观生态学的研究方法 ,首次提出热力景观观点用以研究城市热环境空间格局 ,创建了热力景观空间格局的评价体系 (总体评价指标、类评价指标、块评价指标 )。对不同时期上海城市热环境的空间结构与格局进行了研究 。The spatial heat environment is a thermal phenomena of whole spatial environment of a city. The research of urban spatial heat environment will find the change of urban spatial structure and urban scale and lead to sustainable urban development and improve the quality of human habitation environment. Urban heat environment synthetical phenomina reflecting urban environment and spatial thermal environment have full impacts on microclimate and urban zoology. The aim for this paper is to seek an effective method to analysis spatial pattern of thermal environment. Supporting with the remote sensing technology and GIS, the authors studied the estimate system of heat environment spatial pattern and dynamic evolvement. The main results are as fellows: (1) A method to analysis spatial pattern of urban heat environment was pointed out with GIS and remote sensing technology supporting in this paper. Using the viewpoint of landscape ecosystem for reference, the authors generated the idea of 'thermal landscape', analyzed the mechanism of 'thermal landscape' and developed estimate systems of spatial pattern of thermal landscape and dynamic variety. (2) Through research on Shanghai City by viewpoint of 'thermal landscape', it was proved that 'thermal landscape' in this city is felling to pieces and increase consumption of heat energy and expend the area of greenbelt and water is an effective way to weaken heat affect. (3) Supporting with GIS, the authors studied dynamic evolvement of 'thermal landscape' and its change process according to the change of multi temporal 'thermal landscape' in Shanghai in 1990,1995,1998 based on remotely sensing data. The change intension trend of dominance degree of thermal landscape from 1990 to 1998 in Shanghai City were pointed out. The method to study spatial structure and thermal landscape pattern of urban heat environment promoted the development in the field into quantitative segment. In the present study, this model seems to be a viable method for city programming in the

关 键 词：热环境 热力景观 空间格局 上海 遥感 GIS 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]