毒死蜱对六种淡水节肢动物的毒性与风险评价  

Toxicity and Risk of Chlorpyrifos to Six Species of Freshwater Arthropods

作　　者：徐吉洋 张文萍[1] 李少南[1] 侯式娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农药与环境毒理研究所,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2014年第3期563-568,共6页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(项目编号:LY12B07008)

摘　　要：采用静态法测定了毒死蜱对六种水生节肢动物的48 h毒性。试验结果表明,按实测浓度计,毒死蜱对大型溞Daphnia magna、老年低额溞Simocephalus vetulus、多刺裸腹溞Moina macrocopa、锯缘真蚤Eucyclops serrulatus、介形虫Pseudocandona sp.、花翅摇蚊Chironomus kiiensis幼虫的48 h-LC50(单位:μg·L-1)分别为0.523、0.0528、0.178、7.32、2.75、90.3。这表明毒死蜱对于上述6种水生节肢动物均属于剧毒。将稻田施药下的环境浓度预测值(EECs)与基于实测浓度的48 h-LC50相比对,得到毒死蜱相对于6种水生节肢动物的急性风险商值(RQ)分别为10.29、52.95、27.20、0.73、1.96、0.06。这说明除了摇蚊幼虫,按推荐剂量使用的毒死蜱对于其他5种水生节肢动物有较高程度的急性风险。Acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos to Daphnia magna, Simocephalus vetulus, Moina macrocopa, Eucyclops serrulatus, Pseudocandona sp., and Chironomus kiiensis was tested using static methods. The results showed that the 48 hLC50 based on measured concentration were 0.523, 0.0528, 0.178, 7.32, 2.75, and 90.3 μg·L-1, respectively. According to the Criterion for Environmental Safety Assessment of Chemical Pesticide, chlorpyrifos rank as extremely toxic to the six species. The risk quotient（RQ）, calculated against the estimated environmental concentrations（EECs） of chlorpyrifos and the 48 h-LC50, were 10.29, 52.95, 27.20, 0.73, 1.96, and 0.06, respectively. It indicated that the recommended dose of chlorpyrifos have high mortality risk to the test arthropods except Chironomus kiiensis even in non-target area.

关 键 词：毒死蜱 浮游动物 摇蚊 环境浓度 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171.5