基于三维测量的圆度误差执行不确定度研究  

Research on Implementation Uncertainty of Roundness Error Based on 3D Measurement

作　　者：黄美发[1] 肖萌萌[1] 孙永厚[1] 陈磊磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《机床与液压》2014年第13期10-14,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50865003);广西科学研究与技术开发课题(桂科合10100022_1);2011年广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室主任课题(桂科能11-031-12_004)

摘　　要：在利用三坐标测量机进行实际测量时,获得的测量值通常是被测参数的估计值,没有给出测量的不确定度,造成测量结果的不完整。测量不确定度可分为方法不确定度和执行不确定度。方法不确定度在缺省状态下一般为0,而执行不确定度主要是由测量仪器本身或测量环境等引起的。给出了基于最小二乘法(LSM)的圆度误差数学评定模型,依据ISO测量不确定度表示指南(GUM),分析影响执行不确定估计的因素,推导出了误差影响因素对圆度误差执行不确定度的传递函数,进而得到各种因素的不确定度分量,最终合成执行不确定度。然后运用自适应蒙特卡洛计算机仿真(MCM)从测点数量、标准不确定度、圆度误差估计值、最短包含区间的左右端点等方面,验证了GUM的有效性,并给出其适用的范围。In the practical application of three coordinates measuring machine,only the estimated value of the measurement re-sult is given without the measurement uncertainty. So this measurement result is incomplete. Measurement uncertainty can be divided into method uncertainty and implementation uncertainty. Generally method uncertainty is zero in default state,and implementation un-certainty is induced by measuring instrument or measurement environment. The mathematical evaluation model of the roundness error was given based on least squares method （LSM）. According to ISO guide to expression of uncertainty in measurement （GUM）,the in-fluencing factors on implementation uncertainty were analyzed and the transfer function of error influencing factors for implementation uncertainty was deduced. Then uncertainty components of various factors were obtained. As a result,the synthesis implementation un-certainty was acquired finally. Adaptive Monte Carlo computer simulation （MCM）was adopted to verify the effectiveness and the ap-plication scope of GUM from quantity of measuring points,standard uncertainty,estimated value of roundness error,and left ＆amp; right endpoints of shortest coverage interval.

关 键 词：测量不确定度表示指南 蒙特卡洛法 执行不确定度 圆度 三坐标测量机 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]