临沂市兰山区城区2012年中小学生常见病患病状况调查  

Survey on the Common Diseases among Primary and Secondary School Students in the Urban Area of Lanshan District of Linyi city in 2012

作　　者：马蕾 

机构地区：[1]山东省临沂市兰山区卫生局卫生监督所,山东临沂276002

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第14期2550-2551,2559,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解临沂市兰山区城区中小学生常见病患病状况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照卫生部《学校卫生情况年报表填表说明及技术规范要求》,对临沂市兰山区城区16 304名中小学生的视力、龋齿、沙眼、身高、体重进行检查,并对检查结果做进一步分析。结果城区中小学生视力低下率、龋患率、沙眼患病率、营养不良率、肥胖率分别为37.71%、45.57%、1.74%、23.68%、5.66%;中学生视力低下率、沙眼患病率、营养不良率均高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=185.25、15.17、23.44,P<0.01);女生视力低下率、龋患率、营养不良率均高于男生(χ2=314.72、23.46、14.89,P<0.01)。结论此次调查表明临沂市兰山区城区常见病发病形势不容乐观,龋齿、视力不良、营养不良成为学生常见病防治重点,城区女生的视力不良率、龋患率、营养不良率均高于男生,学校及有关部门更应关注女生的健康状况。Objective This study aimed to survey the common diseases among primary and secondary school students in the urban area of Lanshan District of Linyi City so as to build a scientific basis for their prevention and treatments. Methods According to Instructions and Technical Specifications for Annual Report on School Hygiene issued by Ministry of Health, a survey on myopia, dental caries, trachoma, body height and body weight of 16 304 primary and secondary school students in the urban area of Lanshan District of Linyi City was conducted and the results were analyzed. Results The incidences of myopia, dental caries, trachoma, malnutrition and obesity were 37.71%, 45.57%, 1.74%, 23.68% and 5.66%, respectively. Incidences of myopia, trachoma and malnutrition among secondary school students were significantly higher than those among the primary school students （X2=185.25, 15.17, 23.44, P〈0.01）. Incidences of myopia, dental caries and malnutrition were significantly higher among girls than those among boys （X^2=314.72, 23.46, 14.89, P〈0.01）. Conclusion According to the survey, the common diseases among primary and secondary school students in the urban area of Lanshan District of Linyi City have relatively high incidences, and prevention measures and treatments should focus on myopia, dental caries and malnutrition. Schools and related institutions should put more consideration to girls since the incidences of myopia, dental caries and malnutrition were higher among girls.

关 键 词：儿童 青少年 近视 龋齿 沙眼 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]