北京市流动儿童麻疹强化免疫接种率及影响因素研究  

Study on the immunization coverage of and the influencing factors for measles supplemental vaccine among migrant children in Beijing

作　　者：肖索未[1] 陈彬莉[1] 胡晓江[1] 萨支红 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会发展与公共政策学院,北京100875

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第14期2634-2637,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(11JZD026);全国教育科学"十二五"规划教育部青年课题(EHA110361)

摘　　要：目的 考察2010年全国麻疹强化免疫活动（简称 “强免”）在北京市适龄流动儿童中的覆盖率及其影响因素，为制定改善流动儿童预防免疫的干预措施提供依据。方法 本研究基于相关研究基础上的自编问卷，于2011年春运期间在北京各大火车站、汽车站对流动儿童家长进行问卷调查，并对数据进行描述性和多元逻辑回归分析。结果 在589个（8个月～14周岁）流动儿童的有效样本中，麻疹强免接种率为83.4%。在家里或上幼儿园、无兄弟姐妹、父母不知晓麻疹强免活动、父母对活动信任度低的儿童不接受强免的可能性较高。结论 流动儿童仍面临麻疹预防接种不足的风险。为提高流动儿童预防免疫的覆盖率，一方面要继续发挥教育机构的积极作用，另一方面要加强社区层面针对流动人口的公共卫生服务递送的能力。Objective The study was conducted to assess the immunization coverage of the 2010 national measles supplementary immunization activity （SIA） among migrant children at the appropriate ages in Beijing and analyze the influencing factors, aiming to provide a reference for improving the interventive measures for prophylactic immunization of migrant children. Methods A self-ad- ministered questionnaire designed based on the relevant studies was used to survey parents of migrant children approached in major train stations and bus stations in Beijing during the 2011 Spring Festival. The results were analyzed descriptively and by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Among 589 effective samples （children ranging from 8 months to 14 years of age）, the immunization coverage of measles supplemental vaccine was 83.4%. Migrant children who stayed at home or kindergartens, who had no siblings, or whose parents were unaware of or had low levels of trust for the SIA, were less likely to have vaccinated during the event. Conclusion Immunization coverage of measles vaccine among migrant children are still poor. To improve the immunization coverage, educational institutions should continue to exert their positive roles and delivery of floating population-targeting public health services should be strengthened in communities.

关 键 词：麻疹强化免疫 流动儿童 疫苗接种率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]