温度对中国典型森林生态系统碳通量季节动态及其年际变异的影响  

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SEASONAL DYNAMICS AND INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF CARBON FLUX IN CHINA'S TYPICAL FORESTS

作　　者：李轩然[1,2,3] 孙晓敏[1] 张军辉[4] 王辉民[1] 闫俊华[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)综合研究中心,北京100101 [2]内蒙古赤峰学院资源与环境科学学院,赤峰024001 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [5]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2014年第4期752-761,共10页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973项目)(批准号:2010CB833504);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目-“生态系统固碳现状、速率、机制和潜力”课题(批准号:XDA05050702);赤峰学院创新团队项目-“生态环境诊断与修复”研究创新团队共同资助

摘　　要：森林生态系统的碳收支及其对环境因子的响应规律一直是生态系统生态学研究的重要内容,而碳收支的年际变异规律反映了生态系统的稳定性特征。基于长白山温带针阔混交林、千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林和鼎湖山亚热带常绿阔叶林2003~2008年的通量观测数据,对比分析了3个生态系统碳通量的季节动态、季节动态的年际变异及温度对上述二者的影响规律。结果表明,长白山的总生态系统生产力(GEP)和生态系统呼吸(RE)都呈现单峰曲线的季节动态模式,最高时8天GEP总和可达85g C/m^2,8天总RE能达到66g C/m^2,二者均高于千烟洲和鼎湖山,而千烟洲和鼎湖山的GEP和RE在不同的时间起伏较大;净生态系统碳交换量(NEE)的季节动态模式3个生态系统各不相同。在碳通量的3个分量中,GEP和RE的季节动态的相对年际变异较小,而NEE的相对年际变异较大,表明GEP和RE在年际之间更稳定。3个生态系统的GEP和RE与温度之间均存在显著的指数相关关系,但NEE与温度之间的相关性较弱。在温度较高的时段,通常GEP,RE和NEE的绝对年际变异也较高,相对年际变异较低,整个生态系统表现为更加稳定;但GEP和RE的年际变异与温度的年际变异之间相关性较弱,说明除温度外,还有其他环境因子的年际变异对GEP和RE的年际变异产生重要影响。Carbon budget of forest ecosystems and its response to environmental factors are key issues in ecosystem ecology.The interannual variability of carbon flux reflects the ecosystem stability.In this study,the seasonal dynamics and interannual vatiability of carbon flux and their response to temperature were examined and compared based on 2003～ 2008 of eddy covariance data from Changbaishan temperate mixed forest （CBS）,Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation （QYZ）,and Dinghushan subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest （DHS）.The results showed that the seasonal dynamic patterns of both gross ecosystem productivity （GEP） and ecosystem respiration （RE） in CBS site followed unimodal curves,while the seasonal dynamics of GEP and RE in QYZ and DHS sites fluctuated strongly.The maximum of GEP and RE in CBS were 85gC/m2 and 66gC/m2 during each 8 days,respectively,which were higher than those for QYZ and DHS.The seasonal pattern of net ecosystem exchange （NEE） was not of the same for the three ecosystems.The relative interannual variability （represented by coefficient of variation） of GEP and RE were lower than that of NEE for the three forests,which indicated that GEP and RE were less affected by the interannual variation of environmental factors.There were significant exponential correlations between GEP or RE and air temperature,while the relationship between NEE and air temperature was not apparent.The absolute interannual variability of GEP,RE and NEE was higher at the period with higher temperature,while the relative interannual variability was lower at the same period.The correlation between the relative interannual variability of GEP/RE and air temperature was weak,which illustrated that the interannual variability of GEP and RE were not mainly contributed by the interannual variability of air temperature.

关 键 词：森林 涡度相关 碳循环 年际变异 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]