青年人被动型和主动型听觉事件相关电位时空模式比较  

Spatiotemporal patterns of event-related potentials during active and passive auditory oddball paradigms in young adults

作　　者：程玉洁[1] 周曙[1] 王优[2] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属南方医院神经内科,广州510515 [2]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院心理学系,广州510515

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2014年第7期555-560,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81200962)

摘　　要：目的：比较被动型和主动型听觉oddball任务的事件相关电位（ERP）时空模式,为以呼吸计数为分心任务的被动型听觉ERP的临床应用提供实证基础.方法：标准和偏差听觉纯音刺激按照4∶1的比例混合并随机呈现.根据主动和被动两种任务线索,20名健康青年人按键辨别标准和偏差两类听觉刺激（主动型听觉oddball范式）或区分自身呼吸的两个时相（被动型听觉oddball范式）.分析其19通道听觉ERP时空模式和主动型oddball任务的反应时及正确率.结果：在主动型oddball任务中,与标准刺激相比,偏差刺激反应时更长[（511.3±79.8） msvs.（437.0±99.6） ms,P＜0.001],且正确率更低[（90.8±5.6）％vs.（97.0±1.9）％,P＜0.001].被动型和主动型的ERP时空模式均显示失匹配负波、P300和慢波效应且均涉及背内侧额区.同主动型失匹配负波涉及额顶区相比,被动型失匹配负波效应涉及额顶颢区.被动型慢波效应局限于背内侧额区且具有较短时程[（450～550） ms vs.（450 ～600） ms,P＜0.05].结论：青年人被动条件下的听觉刺激可得到同主动条件下近似的完整加工.背内侧额区具有过程通用性.被动型失匹配负波涉及更广泛脑区而其慢波效应更局限.可通过呼吸计数任务实现被动型听觉ERP时空模式的临床应用.Objective：To compare the spatiotemporal patterns of ERP under the active and passive conditions of an auditory oddball paradigm.Methods：The deviant （20％ probability） and the standard （80％ probability） auditory stimuli were presented randomly.According to the pre-block task cues,20 healthy young adults were required to respond either to their own breath rhythms （the passive） or to the auditory stimuli （the active）.The 19-channels ERP and behavioral performance were recorded simultaneously.Results：In the active condition,the deviant stimuli showed longer reaction time [（511.3 ± 79.8） ms vs.（437.0 ± 99.6） ms,P ＜ 0.001] and lower accuracy [（90.8 ±5.6）％ vs.（97.0 ± 1.9） ％,P ＜0.001] than the standard stimuli.The spatiotemporal patterns of SPM revealed that the MMN,P300 and slow waves effects were shown both in the active and in the passive condition and all involved the dorsomedial frontal area.The active MMN effect was distributed in the fronto-parietal regions,while the passive involved the fronto-parietal and temporal areas.The duration of the passive slow wave effect in the dorsomedial frontal region was shorter than that of the active effect [（450 ～550） ms vs.（450 ～ 600） ms,P ＜0.05].Conclusions：The processing lifetime of the passive deviant stimuli resembles that of the active ones in young adults.The dorsomedial frontal area is process-general.By taking the breath-counting as a distractive task,the passive oddball paradigm together with the spatiotemporal patterns analysis of ERP can provide more information for clinical applications of auditory ERP.

关 键 词：事件相关电位 听觉oddball范式 呼吸计数任务 统计参数映像 实验心理学 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学] B841.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]