干热杀虫过程中温度和小麦水分含量对谷蠹死亡率的影响  

INFLUENCES OF TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON MORTALITY OF RHIZOPERTHA DOMINICA(FABRICIUS)IN WHEAT BULK BY HEAT TREATMENT

作　　者：王殿轩[1] 王世伟[1] 白春启[1] 李慧[1] 杨轩[1] 尚文田 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院、粮食储藏与安全教育部工程研究中心、粮食储运国家工程实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划“粮食特性参数数字化模拟技术研究”(2013BAD17B01)

摘　　要：研究了干热空气处理过程中,不同温度和水分含量的小麦粮堆谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica（Fabricius）成虫和幼虫的死亡情况.主要结果为：当粮温从25℃经20 min以上的时间升至50~60℃后,在保持至5 min时即有一定数量的害虫死亡.水分含量分别为12%、14%和16%的粮堆在保温50℃的情况下,成虫和幼虫死亡率达100%的时间均为60、80、100 min;在保温55℃的情况下,成虫死亡率达100%的时间为40、40、60 min,幼虫死亡率达100%的时间为40、60、60min;在保温60℃的情况下,成虫死亡率达100%的时间为5、20、25 min,幼虫死亡率达100%的时间均为20 min.说明粮食水分含量较低时,相应条件下的害虫死亡率升高,粮食水分升高时完全致死害虫需要较长的时间.同样处理温度下延长时间害虫死亡率显著提高,升高温度可以使完全致死粮堆内害虫的时间显著缩短.The mortality of Rhizopertha dominica （Fabricius） adults and larvae in simulated wheat bulk with different temperatures and different moisture contents was studied by heat treatment. The results showed that a certain number of insects were killed when the wheat temperature rose from 25 ℃ to 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ in 20 minutes and was kept for at least 5 minutes. For wheat bulk with moisture content of 12% and 14% and 16% ,the mortalities of both the adults and larvae reached 100% at 60,80 and 100 minutes when the wheat bulk was kept at 50 ℃ ;the adult mortality reached 100% in 40,40 and 60 minutes, and the larvae mortality reached 100% in 40,60 and 60 minutes when the wheat bulk was kept at 55 ℃ ;the adult mortality reached 100% at 5,20 and 25 minutes,and the larvae mortality reached 100% in 20 minutes when the wheat bulk was kept at 60 ℃. The results indicated that the insect mortality rose under the corresponding conditions when the moisture content was low;and longer duration was necessary for killing the insects completely when the moisture content rose. At the same treatment temperature, the treatment time had significant influences on the mortality;and rising temperature could significantly shorten the time for completely killing insects in the wheat bulk.

关 键 词：小麦 干热杀虫 谷蠹 水分 温度 死亡率 

分 类 号：TS210[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]