创造性与道德的正向关联:来自认知神经科学的研究证据  

A Positive Association between Creativity and Morality:Evidence from Cognitive Neuroscience

作　　者：刘昌[1] 沈汪兵[1] 罗劲[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院 [2]首都师范大学教育学院心理系

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2014年第4期104-115,共12页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省第四期"333高层次人才培养工程"科研项目资助研究成果

摘　　要：创造性与道德的关系问题不仅是心理学中尚未解决的基本问题，而且是现代社会需要面对的现实难题。研究首次采用认知神经科学方法对创造性与道德的关系问题进行了实证研究，采用道德词汇分类任务将被试分为高道德组（高德组）和低道德组（低德组），并在控制智力、自尊以及记忆等干扰效应的基础上，借助脑事件相关电位技术记录了被试在解决顿悟字谜任务时的脑电活动。结果发现，高、低道德组被试在解决表征创造性思维的字谜任务时均表现出相似的脑电波形，但高德组被试较之低德组被试采用顿悟方式解决的字谜在200～360ms在额叶的广泛区域诱发了更低的脑电波幅。根据创造性的前额叶低激活理论，研究结果表明高道德组在解决创造性思维任务时表现出更高的创造性，也就是说，高道德意味着高创造性。The relationship between creativity and morality is an important pending issue not only for moral psychology and creative psychology but also for the whole modern society. For the first time,we conducted an empirical research on the relationship between creativity and morality by a cognitive neuroscience approach. Participants were divided randomly into two groups （high moral group vs. low moral group）according to their performances in moral vocabulary classification task,which was developed based on“self-interested man”hypothesis and psycholexical hypothesis. The study adopted highdensity event-related brain potentials （ERPs）to record their brain activities as they were performing insight riddle solving tasks. After ruling out potential confoundings such as intellectual foundation, self-esteem and memory,the electrophysiological results showed some salient differences in the mean amplitudes of ERP components between the two groups in the time span of 200~360 ms in a wide area of the frontal lobe,indicating that participants with relatively high morality exhibited smaller amplitudes in the frontal sites with a broad distribution than those with relatively low morality. According to the low prefrontal cortical arousal theory of creativity,we can say that high moral group showed higher creativity in insight riddle solving task,which strongly suggests that high morality means high creativity.

关 键 词：创造性 道德 认知神经科学 脑事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B82-057[哲学宗教—伦理学]