陕西云阳蔬菜大棚土壤养分及微生物群落功能多样性研究  

Effects of Planting Years on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Functional Diversity in Vegetable Plastic Tunnel in Yunyang,Shaanxi,China

作　　者：李玉娣[1] 谷洁[1] 付青霞[1] 钱勋[1] 杨玖[1] 高华[1] 王小娟[1] 朱创江 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省泾阳县蔬菜产业服务中心,陕西泾阳713700

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第4期765-771,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(4087119;41171203);农业部"948"项目(2010-Z20)

摘　　要：为了探讨蔬菜大棚种植年限对土壤养分和微生态环境的影响,以陕西省泾阳县云阳镇0(大田土壤)、5、10 a和20 a棚龄土壤为研究对象,对不同年限蔬菜大棚土壤养分和微生物群落功能多样性进行研究。结果表明:随着种植年限增加,土壤电导率、全氮、全磷、速效养分和有机质含量均先升高后降低;10 a棚龄土壤的微生物群落碳源利用能力最强,土壤微生物群落的AWCD值、Shannon、Simpson、McIntosh和丰富度指数均显著高于其他种植年限,20 a棚龄土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力和微生物总体活性降低,仅高于0 a棚龄土壤。主成分分析结果显示,10、20 a和0 a棚龄土壤微生物群落碳源利用能力存在显著差异,起分异作用的主要碳源是糖类和氨基酸类。综上所述,与10 a棚龄土壤相比,20 a棚龄土壤表现为土壤肥力水平下降,微生物群落功能多样性降低。Soil environmental quality greatly influences vegetable quality and safety as well as economic benefit in the vegetable production under plastic tunnel.This study investigated changes of soil physical-chemical properties and microbial community function in different planting years（0 a,5 a,10 a,20 a）of cucumber/tomato under plastic tunnel at Yunyang town in Shaanxi Province of China.Results showed that soil electrical conductivity（EC）,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nutrient and organic matter contents were the highest in the 10 a planting soils,being increased by 17.7% to 326.6%,compared wit h the control soil（0 a）.However,these indexes were15.2% to 41.6% lower in 20 a soils than in 10 a soils.The ability of soil microbes to utilize carbon sources was also highest in the 10 a old soils.The average well color development（AWCD）,Shannon,Simpson,and McIntosh indexes were significantly higher in 10 a than in soils of the other years.Carbohydrate and amino acids were the main carbon sources for soil microbes.Our results suggest that 10 a planting may be the best growth years for production of vegetable plastic tunnels in this area.

关 键 词：蔬菜大棚 土壤养分 土壤微生物群落 BIOLOG 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]